skip to main content
DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Global Carbon Budget 2015

Abstract

Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere is important to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the development of climate policies, and project future climate change. Here we describe data sets and a methodology to quantify all major components of the global carbon budget, including their uncertainties, based on the combination of a range of data, algorithms, statistics, and model estimates and their interpretation by a broad scientific community. We also discuss changes compared to previous estimates as well as consistency within and among components, alongside methodology and data limitations. CO 2 emissions from fossil fuels and industry ( E FF) are based on energy statistics and cement production data, while emissions from land-use change ( E LUC), mainly deforestation, are based on combined evidence from land-cover-change data, fire activity associated with deforestation, and models. The global atmospheric CO 2 concentration is measured directly and its rate of growth ( G ATM) is computed from the annual changes in concentration. Moreover, the mean ocean CO 2 sink ( S OCEAN) is based on observations from the 1990s, while the annual anomalies and trends are estimated with oceanmore » models. The variability in S OCEAN is evaluated with data products based on surveys of ocean CO 2 measurements. The global residual terrestrial CO 2 sink ( S LAND) is estimated by the difference of the other terms of the global carbon budget and compared to results of independent dynamic global vegetation models forced by observed climate, CO 2, and land-cover change (some including nitrogen–carbon interactions). We compare the mean land and ocean fluxes and their variability to estimates from three atmospheric inverse methods for three broad latitude bands. All uncertainties are reported as ±1σ, reflecting the current capacity to characterise the annual estimates of each component of the global carbon budget. For the last decade available (2005–2014), E FF was 9.0 ± 0.5 GtC yr -1, E LUC was 0.9 ± 0.5 GtC yr -1, G ATM was 4.4 ± 0.1 GtC yr -1, S OCEAN was 2.6 ± 0.5 GtC yr -1, and S LAND was 3.0 ± 0.8 GtC yr -1. For the year 2014 alone, E FF grew to 9.8 ± 0.5 GtC yr -1, 0.6 % above 2013, continuing the growth trend in these emissions, albeit at a slower rate compared to the average growth of 2.2 % yr -1 that took place during 2005–2014. Also, for 2014, E LUC was 1.1 ± 0.5 GtC yr -1, G ATM was 3.9 ± 0.2 GtC yr -1, S OCEAN was 2.9 ± 0.5 GtC yr -1, and S LAND was 4.1 ± 0.9 GtC yr -1. G ATM was lower in 2014 compared to the past decade (2005–2014), reflecting a larger S LAND for that year. The global atmospheric CO 2 concentration reached 397.15 ± 0.10 ppm averaged over 2014. For 2015, preliminary data indicate that the growth in E FF will be near or slightly below zero, with a projection of -0.6 [range of -1.6 to +0.5] %, based on national emissions projections for China and the USA, and projections of gross domestic product corrected for recent changes in the carbon intensity of the global economy for the rest of the world. From this projection of E FF and assumed constant E LUC for 2015, cumulative emissions of CO 2 will reach about 555 ± 55 GtC (2035 ± 205 GtCO 2) for 1870–2015, about 75 % from E FF and 25 % from E LUC. Finally, this living data update documents changes in the methods and data sets used in this new carbon budget compared with previous publications of this data set (Le Quéré et al., 2015, 2014, 2013). All observations presented here can be downloaded from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (doi:10.3334/CDIAC/GCP_2015).« less

Authors:
 [1]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2];  [3];  [4];  [2];  [4];  [2];  [5];  [5];  [6];  [7];  [8];  [9];  [10];  [1];  [11];  [12];  [12];  [12] more »;  [13];  [12];  [14];  [15];  [16];  [1];  [17];  [18];  [19]; ORCiD logo [20];  [21];  [22]; ORCiD logo [23];  [24];  [25];  [26];  [27];  [6];  [26];  [28];  [29];  [30];  [18];  [31];  [31];  [32];  [33];  [34]; ORCiD logo [35];  [33];  [11];  [36];  [37];  [38];  [39];  [4];  [25];  [40];  [41]; ORCiD logo [42]; ORCiD logo [43];  [44];  [45];  [46];  [47];  [48];  [49]; ORCiD logo [12];  [50]; ORCiD logo [38];  [13] « less
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of East Anglia, Norwich (United Kingdom)
  2. CICERO, Oslo (Norway)
  3. CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Canberra (Australia)
  4. Univ. of Exeter (United Kingdom)
  5. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  6. Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, MA (United States)
  7. Univ. of Bristol (United Kingdom)
  8. Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)
  9. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States)
  10. Karlsruhe Inst. of Technology (KIT) (Germany)
  11. Univ. of Miami, FL (United States); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Lab., Boulder, CO (United States)
  12. CEA-CNRS-UVSQ (France)
  13. Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)
  14. Aix-Marseille Univ., and CNRS/IN2P3, Marseille (France)
  15. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and Pacific Marine Environmental Lab (PMEL), Seattle, WA (United States)
  16. InnovOcean site, Ostend (Belgium)
  17. Alfred Wegener Inst. for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhave (Germany)
  18. Max Planck Inst. for Meteorology, Hamburg (Germany)
  19. Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL (United States)
  20. Inst. of Applied Energy (IAE), Tokyo (Japan)
  21. Plymouth Marine Lab. (United Kingdom)
  22. Hague/ Bilthoven and Utrecht Univ. (Netherlands)
  23. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  24. Univ. of Zurich (Switzerland)
  25. Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen (Norway)
  26. Sorbonne Univ., Paris (France)
  27. CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Tasmania (Australia)
  28. Univ. of Miami, FL (United States)
  29. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
  30. Japan Agency for Marine-Eart Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka (Japan)
  31. National Inst. for Environmental Studies (NIES), Ibaraki (Japan)
  32. Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
  33. Univ. of Bergen (Norway); Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen (Norway)
  34. Fisheries Research Agency, Yokohama (Japan)
  35. Marine Research Inst. (CSIC), Pontevedra (Spain)
  36. Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT (United States)
  37. Leibniz Inst. for Baltic Sea Research Warnemunde, Rostock (Germany)
  38. Max Planck Society, Jena (Germany). Max Planck Inst. for Biogeochemistry
  39. Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo (Japan)
  40. National Centre for Meteorological Research (CNRM)
  41. GEOMAR Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research Kiel (Germany)
  42. Univ. of Bern (Switzerland); Imperial College, Berkshire (United Kingdom)
  43. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and Pacific Marine Environmental Lab (PMEL), Seattle, WA (United States); Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
  44. Columbia Univ., Palisades, NY (United States). Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
  45. CSIRO Oceans and Atmospher and Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Co-operative Research Center, Hobart (Australia)
  46. Wageningen Univ. (Netherlands); ICOS-Carbon Portal, Wageningen (Netherlands)
  47. VU Univ. Amsterdam (Netherlands)
  48. Royal Netherlands Inst. for Sea Research, Texel (Netherlands)
  49. Univ. of New Hampshire, Durham, NH (United States)
  50. Met Office Hadley Center, Exeter (United Kingdom)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER) (SC-23)
OSTI Identifier:
1265897
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1378688
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-00OR22725; AC02-05CH11231
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Earth System Science Data (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Earth System Science Data (Online); Journal Volume: 7; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 1866-3516
Publisher:
Copernicus
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Citation Formats

Le Quéré, C., Moriarty, R., Andrew, R. M., Canadell, J. G., Sitch, S., Korsbakken, J. I., Friedlingstein, P., Peters, G. P., Andres, R. J., Boden, T. A., Houghton, R. A., House, J. I., Keeling, R. F., Tans, P., Arneth, A., Bakker, D. C. E., Barbero, L., Bopp, L., Chang, J., Chevallier, F., Chini, L. P., Ciais, P., Fader, M., Feely, R. A., Gkritzalis, T., Harris, I., Hauck, J., Ilyina, T., Jain, A. K., Kato, E., Kitidis, V., Klein Goldewijk, K., Koven, C., Landschützer, P., Lauvset, S. K., Lefèvre, N., Lenton, A., Lima, I. D., Metzl, N., Millero, F., Munro, D. R., Murata, A., Nabel, J. E. M. S., Nakaoka, S., Nojiri, Y., O'Brien, K., Olsen, A., Ono, T., Pérez, F. F., Pfeil, B., Pierrot, D., Poulter, B., Rehder, G., Rödenbeck, C., Saito, S., Schuster, U., Schwinger, J., Séférian, R., Steinhoff, T., Stocker, B. D., Sutton, A. J., Takahashi, T., Tilbrook, B., van der Laan-Luijkx, I. T., van der Werf, G. R., van Heuven, S., Vandemark, D., Viovy, N., Wiltshire, A., Zaehle, S., and Zeng, N. Global Carbon Budget 2015. United States: N. p., 2015. Web. doi:10.5194/essd-7-349-2015.
Copy to clipboard
Le Quéré, C., Moriarty, R., Andrew, R. M., Canadell, J. G., Sitch, S., Korsbakken, J. I., Friedlingstein, P., Peters, G. P., Andres, R. J., Boden, T. A., Houghton, R. A., House, J. I., Keeling, R. F., Tans, P., Arneth, A., Bakker, D. C. E., Barbero, L., Bopp, L., Chang, J., Chevallier, F., Chini, L. P., Ciais, P., Fader, M., Feely, R. A., Gkritzalis, T., Harris, I., Hauck, J., Ilyina, T., Jain, A. K., Kato, E., Kitidis, V., Klein Goldewijk, K., Koven, C., Landschützer, P., Lauvset, S. K., Lefèvre, N., Lenton, A., Lima, I. D., Metzl, N., Millero, F., Munro, D. R., Murata, A., Nabel, J. E. M. S., Nakaoka, S., Nojiri, Y., O'Brien, K., Olsen, A., Ono, T., Pérez, F. F., Pfeil, B., Pierrot, D., Poulter, B., Rehder, G., Rödenbeck, C., Saito, S., Schuster, U., Schwinger, J., Séférian, R., Steinhoff, T., Stocker, B. D., Sutton, A. J., Takahashi, T., Tilbrook, B., van der Laan-Luijkx, I. T., van der Werf, G. R., van Heuven, S., Vandemark, D., Viovy, N., Wiltshire, A., Zaehle, S., & Zeng, N. Global Carbon Budget 2015. United States. doi:10.5194/essd-7-349-2015.
Copy to clipboard
Le Quéré, C., Moriarty, R., Andrew, R. M., Canadell, J. G., Sitch, S., Korsbakken, J. I., Friedlingstein, P., Peters, G. P., Andres, R. J., Boden, T. A., Houghton, R. A., House, J. I., Keeling, R. F., Tans, P., Arneth, A., Bakker, D. C. E., Barbero, L., Bopp, L., Chang, J., Chevallier, F., Chini, L. P., Ciais, P., Fader, M., Feely, R. A., Gkritzalis, T., Harris, I., Hauck, J., Ilyina, T., Jain, A. K., Kato, E., Kitidis, V., Klein Goldewijk, K., Koven, C., Landschützer, P., Lauvset, S. K., Lefèvre, N., Lenton, A., Lima, I. D., Metzl, N., Millero, F., Munro, D. R., Murata, A., Nabel, J. E. M. S., Nakaoka, S., Nojiri, Y., O'Brien, K., Olsen, A., Ono, T., Pérez, F. F., Pfeil, B., Pierrot, D., Poulter, B., Rehder, G., Rödenbeck, C., Saito, S., Schuster, U., Schwinger, J., Séférian, R., Steinhoff, T., Stocker, B. D., Sutton, A. J., Takahashi, T., Tilbrook, B., van der Laan-Luijkx, I. T., van der Werf, G. R., van Heuven, S., Vandemark, D., Viovy, N., Wiltshire, A., Zaehle, S., and Zeng, N. Mon . "Global Carbon Budget 2015". United States. doi:10.5194/essd-7-349-2015. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1265897.
Copy to clipboard
@article{osti_1265897,
title = {Global Carbon Budget 2015},
author = {Le Quéré, C. and Moriarty, R. and Andrew, R. M. and Canadell, J. G. and Sitch, S. and Korsbakken, J. I. and Friedlingstein, P. and Peters, G. P. and Andres, R. J. and Boden, T. A. and Houghton, R. A. and House, J. I. and Keeling, R. F. and Tans, P. and Arneth, A. and Bakker, D. C. E. and Barbero, L. and Bopp, L. and Chang, J. and Chevallier, F. and Chini, L. P. and Ciais, P. and Fader, M. and Feely, R. A. and Gkritzalis, T. and Harris, I. and Hauck, J. and Ilyina, T. and Jain, A. K. and Kato, E. and Kitidis, V. and Klein Goldewijk, K. and Koven, C. and Landschützer, P. and Lauvset, S. K. and Lefèvre, N. and Lenton, A. and Lima, I. D. and Metzl, N. and Millero, F. and Munro, D. R. and Murata, A. and Nabel, J. E. M. S. and Nakaoka, S. and Nojiri, Y. and O'Brien, K. and Olsen, A. and Ono, T. and Pérez, F. F. and Pfeil, B. and Pierrot, D. and Poulter, B. and Rehder, G. and Rödenbeck, C. and Saito, S. and Schuster, U. and Schwinger, J. and Séférian, R. and Steinhoff, T. and Stocker, B. D. and Sutton, A. J. and Takahashi, T. and Tilbrook, B. and van der Laan-Luijkx, I. T. and van der Werf, G. R. and van Heuven, S. and Vandemark, D. and Viovy, N. and Wiltshire, A. and Zaehle, S. and Zeng, N.},
abstractNote = {Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere is important to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the development of climate policies, and project future climate change. Here we describe data sets and a methodology to quantify all major components of the global carbon budget, including their uncertainties, based on the combination of a range of data, algorithms, statistics, and model estimates and their interpretation by a broad scientific community. We also discuss changes compared to previous estimates as well as consistency within and among components, alongside methodology and data limitations. CO2 emissions from fossil fuels and industry (EFF) are based on energy statistics and cement production data, while emissions from land-use change (ELUC), mainly deforestation, are based on combined evidence from land-cover-change data, fire activity associated with deforestation, and models. The global atmospheric CO2 concentration is measured directly and its rate of growth (GATM) is computed from the annual changes in concentration. Moreover, the mean ocean CO2 sink (SOCEAN) is based on observations from the 1990s, while the annual anomalies and trends are estimated with ocean models. The variability in SOCEAN is evaluated with data products based on surveys of ocean CO2 measurements. The global residual terrestrial CO2 sink (SLAND) is estimated by the difference of the other terms of the global carbon budget and compared to results of independent dynamic global vegetation models forced by observed climate, CO2, and land-cover change (some including nitrogen–carbon interactions). We compare the mean land and ocean fluxes and their variability to estimates from three atmospheric inverse methods for three broad latitude bands. All uncertainties are reported as ±1σ, reflecting the current capacity to characterise the annual estimates of each component of the global carbon budget. For the last decade available (2005–2014), EFF was 9.0 ± 0.5 GtC yr-1, ELUC was 0.9 ± 0.5 GtC yr-1, GATM was 4.4 ± 0.1 GtC yr-1, SOCEAN was 2.6 ± 0.5 GtC yr-1, and SLAND was 3.0 ± 0.8 GtC yr-1. For the year 2014 alone, EFF grew to 9.8 ± 0.5 GtC yr-1, 0.6 % above 2013, continuing the growth trend in these emissions, albeit at a slower rate compared to the average growth of 2.2 % yr-1 that took place during 2005–2014. Also, for 2014, ELUC was 1.1 ± 0.5 GtC yr-1, GATM was 3.9 ± 0.2 GtC yr-1, SOCEAN was 2.9 ± 0.5 GtC yr-1, and SLAND was 4.1 ± 0.9 GtC yr-1. GATM was lower in 2014 compared to the past decade (2005–2014), reflecting a larger SLAND for that year. The global atmospheric CO2 concentration reached 397.15 ± 0.10 ppm averaged over 2014. For 2015, preliminary data indicate that the growth in EFF will be near or slightly below zero, with a projection of -0.6 [range of -1.6 to +0.5] %, based on national emissions projections for China and the USA, and projections of gross domestic product corrected for recent changes in the carbon intensity of the global economy for the rest of the world. From this projection of EFF and assumed constant ELUC for 2015, cumulative emissions of CO2 will reach about 555 ± 55 GtC (2035 ± 205 GtCO2) for 1870–2015, about 75 % from EFF and 25 % from ELUC. Finally, this living data update documents changes in the methods and data sets used in this new carbon budget compared with previous publications of this data set (Le Quéré et al., 2015, 2014, 2013). All observations presented here can be downloaded from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (doi:10.3334/CDIAC/GCP_2015).},
doi = {10.5194/essd-7-349-2015},
journal = {Earth System Science Data (Online)},
number = 2,
volume = 7,
place = {United States},
year = {2015},
month = {12}
}
Copy to clipboard
Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
DOI:  10.5194/essd-7-349-2015
Copyright Statement
Other availability
Search WorldCat Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 205 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Save / Share:
Export Metadata
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.

Works referenced in this record:

Carbon dynamics in the Amazonian Basin: Integration of eddy covariance and ecophysiological data with a land surface model
journal, December 2013

Global ocean carbon uptake: magnitude, variability and trends
journal, January 2013

Constraining global air-sea gas exchange for CO 2 with recent bomb 14 C measurements : BOMB
journal, May 2007

  • Sweeney, Colm; Gloor, Emanuel; Jacobson, Andrew R.
  • Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 21, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1029/2006GB002784

Consumption-based accounting of CO2 emissions
journal, March 2010

  • Davis, S. J.; Caldeira, K.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 107, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0906974107

Interannual sea–air CO 2 flux variability from an observation-driven ocean mixed-layer scheme
journal, January 2014

Globalizing results from ocean in situ iron fertilization studies: GLOBALIZING IRON FERTILIZATION
journal, June 2006

Evaluation of the carbon cycle components in the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM)
journal, January 2013

  • Tjiputra, J. F.; Roelandt, C.; Bentsen, M.
  • Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 6, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.5194/gmd-6-301-2013

High-Resolution Global Maps of 21st-Century Forest Cover Change
journal, November 2013

Amplifying effects of land-use change on future atmospheric CO 2 levels : AMPLIFYING LAND-USE EFFECTS ON ATMOSPHERIC CO
journal, March 2003

  • Gitz, Vincent; Ciais, Philippe
  • Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 17, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1029/2002GB001963

Biogeochemical fluxes through microzooplankton: GLOBAL MICROZOOPLANKTON BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
journal, November 2010

  • Buitenhuis, Erik T.; Rivkin, Richard B.; Sailley, Sévrine
  • Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 24, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1029/2009GB003601

Global Forest Resources Assessment 2015: What, why and how?
journal, September 2015

Terrestrial carbon storage during the past 200 years: A Monte Carlo Analysis of CO 2 data from ice core and atmospheric measurements
journal, March 1997

  • Bruno, Michele; Joos, Fortunat
  • Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 11, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1029/96GB03611

Uncertainty in temperature response of current consumption-based emissions estimates
journal, January 2015

  • Karstensen, J.; Peters, G. P.; Andrew, R. M.
  • Earth System Dynamics, Vol. 6, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.5194/esd-6-287-2015

Global fire emissions and the contribution of deforestation, savanna, forest, agricultural, and peat fires (1997–2009)
journal, January 2010

  • van der Werf, G. R.; Randerson, J. T.; Giglio, L.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 23
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-10-11707-2010

Analysis of daily, monthly, and annual burned area using the fourth-generation global fire emissions database (GFED4): ANALYSIS OF BURNED AREA
journal, March 2013

  • Giglio, Louis; Randerson, James T.; van der Werf, Guido R.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Vol. 118, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1002/jgrg.20042

Reply to 'Anthropogenic CO2 emissions'
journal, June 2013

  • Francey, Roger J.; Trudinger, Cathy M.; van der Schoot, Marcel
  • Nature Climate Change, Vol. 3, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1038/nclimate1925

The Greenland-Portugal Go-Ship A25 OVIDE CTDO2 hydrographic data
dataset, October 2016

  • Mercier, Herle; Lherminier, Pascale; Pérez, Fiz F.
  • SEANOE (Sea scientific open data edition), 1 file (139 MB)
  • DOI: 10.17882/46448

Gridded property and transport data of the biennial Greenland-Portugal A25 OVIDE line
dataset, October 2016

  • Nathalie, Daniault; Herle, Mercier; Pascale, Lherminier
  • Seanoe, 1 GB
  • DOI: 10.17882/46446

Time series of the Meridional Overturning Circulation intensity at OVIDE
dataset, October 2016

  • Mercier, Herle; Daniault, Nathalie; Lherminier, Pascale
  • SEANOE (Sea scientific open data edition), 1 file (32 KB)
  • DOI: 10.17882/46445

Natural and anthropogenic changes in atmospheric CO 2 over the last 1000 years from air in Antarctic ice and firn
journal, February 1996

  • Etheridge, D. M.; Steele, L. P.; Langenfelds, R. L.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 101, Issue D2
  • DOI: 10.1029/95JD03410

Estimated carbon dioxide emissions from tropical deforestation improved by carbon-density maps
journal, January 2012

  • Baccini, A.; Goetz, S. J.; Walker, W. S.
  • Nature Climate Change, Vol. 2, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1038/nclimate1354

The LMDZ4 general circulation model: climate performance and sensitivity to parametrized physics with emphasis on tropical convection
journal, August 2006

Climate-driven simulation of global crop sowing dates: Simulation of global sowing dates
journal, May 2011

Baseline Map of Carbon Emissions from Deforestation in Tropical Regions
journal, June 2012

On the statistical optimality of CO 2 atmospheric inversions assimilating CO 2 column retrievals
journal, January 2015

Representation of natural and anthropogenic land cover change in MPI-ESM: Land Cover in MPI-ESM
journal, July 2013

  • Reick, C. H.; Raddatz, T.; Brovkin, V.
  • Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 5, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1002/jame.20022

Atmospheric Lifetime of Fossil Fuel Carbon Dioxide
journal, May 2009

Audit of the global carbon budget: estimate errors and their impact on uptake uncertainty
journal, January 2015

  • Ballantyne, A. P.; Andres, R.; Houghton, R.
  • Biogeosciences, Vol. 12, Issue 8, p. 2565-2584
  • DOI: 10.5194/bg-12-2565-2015

Reconstruction of the history of anthropogenic CO2 concentrations in the ocean
journal, November 2009

Comparative Evaluation of mrio Databases
journal, July 2014

China: Emissions pattern of the world leader in CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel consumption and cement production
journal, January 2008

  • Gregg, Jay S.; Andres, Robert J.; Marland, Gregg
  • Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 35, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1029/2007GL032887

Updated high-resolution grids of monthly climatic observations - the CRU TS3.10 Dataset: UPDATED HIGH-RESOLUTION GRIDS OF MONTHLY CLIMATIC OBSERVATIONS
journal, May 2013

  • Harris, I.; Jones, P. D.; Osborn, T. J.
  • International Journal of Climatology, Vol. 34, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1002/joc.3711

Global ocean storage of anthropogenic carbon
journal, January 2013

The importance of three centuries of land-use change for the global and regional terrestrial carbon cycle
journal, July 2009

  • Van Minnen, Jelle G.; Klein Goldewijk, Kees; Stehfest, Elke
  • Climatic Change, Vol. 97, Issue 1-2
  • DOI: 10.1007/s10584-009-9596-0

A Multi-Region Input–Output Table Based on the Global Trade Analysis Project Database (Gtap-Mrio)
journal, March 2013

Determination of tropical deforestation rates and related carbon losses from 1990 to 2010
journal, May 2014

  • Achard, Frédéric; Beuchle, René; Mayaux, Philippe
  • Global Change Biology, Vol. 20, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12605

Carbon dioxide emissions from fossil-fuel use, 1751-1950
journal, September 1999

Rapid growth in CO2 emissions after the 2008–2009 global financial crisis
journal, December 2011

  • Peters, Glen P.; Marland, Gregg; Le Quéré, Corinne
  • Nature Climate Change, Vol. 2, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/nclimate1332

Seven years of recent European net terrestrial carbon dioxide exchange constrained by atmospheric observations
journal, April 2010

Inferring CO 2 sources and sinks from satellite observations: Method and application to TOVS data
journal, January 2005

  • Chevallier, F.; Fisher, M.; Peylin, P.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 110, Issue D24
  • DOI: 10.1029/2005JD006390

Global burned area and biomass burning emissions from small fires: BURNED AREA FROM SMALL FIRES
journal, December 2012

  • Randerson, J. T.; Chen, Y.; van der Werf, G. R.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Vol. 117, Issue G4
  • DOI: 10.1029/2012JG002128

Reactive greenhouse gas scenarios: Systematic exploration of uncertainties and the role of atmospheric chemistry: ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND GREENHOUSE GASES
journal, May 2012

  • Prather, Michael J.; Holmes, Christopher D.; Hsu, Juno
  • Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 39, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1029/2012GL051440

The supply chain of CO2 emissions
journal, October 2011

  • Davis, S. J.; Peters, G. P.; Caldeira, K.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 108, Issue 45
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1107409108

A dynamic global vegetation model for studies of the coupled atmosphere-biosphere system: DVGM FOR COUPLED CLIMATE STUDIES
journal, February 2005

  • Krinner, G.; Viovy, Nicolas; de Noblet-Ducoudré, Nathalie
  • Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 19, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1029/2003GB002199

Reaching peak emissions
journal, December 2015

  • Jackson, Robert B.; Canadell, Josep G.; Le Quéré, Corinne
  • Nature Climate Change, Vol. 6, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/nclimate2892

Global and regional drivers of accelerating CO2 emissions
journal, May 2007

  • Raupach, M. R.; Marland, G.; Ciais, P.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 104, Issue 24
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0700609104

Benchmark map of forest carbon stocks in tropical regions across three continents
journal, May 2011

  • Saatchi, S. S.; Harris, N. L.; Brown, S.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 108, Issue 24
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1019576108

Growth in emission transfers via international trade from 1990 to 2008
journal, April 2011

  • Peters, G. P.; Minx, J. C.; Weber, C. L.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 108, Issue 21
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1006388108

Global oceanic and land biotic carbon sinks from the Scripps atmospheric oxygen flask sampling network
journal, January 2006

Reporting carbon losses from tropical deforestation with Pan-tropical biomass maps
journal, October 2015

The Contribution of Agriculture, Forestry and other Land Use activities to Global Warming, 1990-2012
journal, February 2015

  • Tubiello, Francesco N.; Salvatore, Mirella; Ferrara, Alessandro F.
  • Global Change Biology, Vol. 21, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12865

Contributions to accelerating atmospheric CO2 growth from economic activity, carbon intensity, and efficiency of natural sinks
journal, October 2007

  • Canadell, J. G.; Le Quere, C.; Raupach, M. R.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 104, Issue 47
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0702737104

Implications of incorporating N cycling and N limitations on primary production in an individual-based dynamic vegetation model
journal, January 2014

Mechanisms governing interannual variability in upper-ocean inorganic carbon system and air–sea CO2 fluxes: Physical climate and atmospheric dust
journal, April 2009

  • Doney, Scott C.; Lima, Ivan; Feely, Richard A.
  • Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, Vol. 56, Issue 8-10
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.006

An update to the Surface Ocean CO 2 Atlas (SOCAT version 2)
journal, January 2014

  • Bakker, D. C. E.; Pfeil, B.; Smith, K.
  • Earth System Science Data, Vol. 6, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.5194/essd-6-69-2014

An isopycnic ocean carbon cycle model
journal, January 2010

  • Assmann, K. M.; Bentsen, M.; Segschneider, J.
  • Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 3, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.5194/gmd-3-143-2010

Terminology as a key uncertainty in net land use and land cover change carbon flux estimates
journal, January 2014

  • Pongratz, J.; Reick, C. H.; Houghton, R. A.
  • Earth System Dynamics, Vol. 5, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.5194/esd-5-177-2014

Carbon emissions from land use and land-cover change
journal, January 2012

Contribution of permafrost soils to the global carbon budget
journal, February 2013

The challenge to keep global warming below 2 °C
journal, December 2012

  • Peters, Glen P.; Andrew, Robbie M.; Boden, Tom
  • Nature Climate Change, Vol. 3, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/nclimate1783

Agricultural green and blue water consumption and its influence on the global water system: GLOBAL WATER USE IN AGRICULTURE
journal, September 2008

  • Rost, Stefanie; Gerten, Dieter; Bondeau, Alberte
  • Water Resources Research, Vol. 44, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1029/2007WR006331

Trends in the sources and sinks of carbon dioxide
journal, November 2009

  • Le Quéré, Corinne; Raupach, Michael R.; Canadell, Josep G.
  • Nature Geoscience, Vol. 2, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1038/ngeo689

Carbon benefits of anthropogenic reactive nitrogen offset by nitrous oxide emissions
journal, July 2011

  • Zaehle, Sönke; Ciais, Philippe; Friend, Andrew D.
  • Nature Geoscience, Vol. 4, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1038/ngeo1207

Aboveground carbon loss in natural and managed tropical forests from 2000 to 2012
journal, July 2015

A Cross-calibrated, Multiplatform Ocean Surface Wind Velocity Product for Meteorological and Oceanographic Applications
journal, February 2011

  • Atlas, Robert; Hoffman, Ross N.; Ardizzone, Joseph
  • Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 92, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1175/2010BAMS2946.1

Constructing an Environmentally-Extended Multi-Regional Input–Output Table Using the gtap Database
journal, June 2011

Trade, production fragmentation, and China's carbon dioxide emissions
journal, July 2012

  • Dietzenbacher, Erik; Pei, Jiansuo; Yang, Cuihong
  • Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Vol. 64, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2011.12.003

Timing of carbon emissions from global forest clearance
journal, May 2012

  • Mason Earles, J.; Yeh, Sonia; Skog, Kenneth E.
  • Nature Climate Change, Vol. 2, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1038/nclimate1535

Evaluation of ecosystem dynamics, plant geography and terrestrial carbon cycling in the LPJ dynamic global vegetation model
journal, February 2003

A synthesis of carbon dioxide emissions from fossil-fuel combustion
journal, January 2012

Atmospheric carbon dioxide variations at Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii
journal, January 1976

Climate regulation of fire emissions and deforestation in equatorial Asia
journal, December 2008

  • van der Werf, G. R.; Dempewolf, J.; Trigg, S. N.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 105, Issue 51
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0803375105

Assessing the impact of changes in climate and CO 2 on potential carbon sequestration in agricultural soils : CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN AGRICULTURAL SOILS
journal, October 2005

  • Jain, Atul K.; West, Tristram O.; Yang, Xiaojuan
  • Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 32, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.1029/2005GL023922

A uniform, quality controlled Surface Ocean CO 2 Atlas (SOCAT)
journal, January 2013

Terrestrial plant production and climate change
journal, March 2010

Carbon Footprint of Nations: A Global, Trade-Linked Analysis
journal, August 2009

  • Hertwich, Edgar G.; Peters, Glen P.
  • Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 43, Issue 16
  • DOI: 10.1021/es803496a

Weak Northern and Strong Tropical Land Carbon Uptake from Vertical Profiles of Atmospheric CO2
journal, June 2007

The changing carbon cycle of the coastal ocean
journal, December 2013

  • Bauer, James E.; Cai, Wei-Jun; Raymond, Peter A.
  • Nature, Vol. 504, Issue 7478
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature12857

Convergence Between the Eora, Wiod, Exiobase, and Openeu'S Consumption-Based Carbon Accounts
journal, July 2014

Impact of reservoirs on river discharge and irrigation water supply during the 20th century: IMPACT OF RESERVOIRS ON DISCHARGE AND IRRIGATION
journal, March 2011

  • Biemans, H.; Haddeland, I.; Kabat, P.
  • Water Resources Research, Vol. 47, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1029/2009WR008929

Global carbon budget 2014
journal, January 2015

  • Le Quéré, C.; Moriarty, R.; Andrew, R. M.
  • Earth System Science Data, Vol. 7, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.5194/essd-7-47-2015

A parameterization of leaf phenology for the terrestrial ecosystem component of climate models
journal, January 2005

Post-Kyoto greenhouse gas inventories: production versus consumption
journal, August 2007

CO 2 emissions from land-use change affected more by nitrogen cycle, than by the choice of land-cover data
journal, April 2013

  • Jain, Atul K.; Meiyappan, Prasanth; Song, Yang
  • Global Change Biology, Vol. 19, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12207

Evaluation of a near-global eddy-resolving ocean model
journal, January 2013

  • Oke, P. R.; Griffin, D. A.; Schiller, A.
  • Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 6, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.5194/gmd-6-591-2013

Global carbon budget 2013
journal, January 2014

  • Le Quéré, C.; Peters, G. P.; Andres, R. J.
  • Earth System Science Data, Vol. 6, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.5194/essd-6-235-2014

Carbon cycling under 300 years of land use change: Importance of the secondary vegetation sink: CARBON CYCLING AND LAND USE IN LM3V
journal, June 2009

  • Shevliakova, Elena; Pacala, Stephen W.; Malyshev, Sergey
  • Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 23, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1029/2007GB003176

Recent variability of the global ocean carbon sink
journal, September 2014

  • Landschützer, P.; Gruber, N.; Bakker, D. C. E.
  • Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 28, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1002/2014GB004853

A joint atmosphere-ocean inversion for surface fluxes of carbon dioxide: 1. Methods and global-scale fluxes: JOINT INVERSION-METHODS AND GLOBAL FLUXES
journal, March 2007

  • Jacobson, Andrew R.; Mikaloff Fletcher, Sara E.; Gruber, Nicolas
  • Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 21, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1029/2005GB002556

Global surface-ocean p CO 2 and sea–air CO 2 flux variability from an observation-driven ocean mixed-layer scheme
journal, January 2013

  • Rödenbeck, C.; Keeling, R. F.; Bakker, D. C. E.
  • Ocean Science, Vol. 9, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.5194/os-9-193-2013

Virtual water content of temperate cereals and maize: Present and potential future patterns
journal, April 2010

Rates of change in natural and anthropogenic radiative forcing over the past 20,000 years
journal, February 2008

  • Joos, F.; Spahni, R.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 105, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0707386105

Effects of anthropogenic land cover change on the carbon cycle of the last millennium: LAND COVER CHANGE AND CARBON CYCLE
journal, October 2009

  • Pongratz, J.; Reick, C. H.; Raddatz, T.
  • Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 23, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1029/2009GB003488

The Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES), model description – Part 2: Carbon fluxes and vegetation dynamics
journal, January 2011

  • Clark, D. B.; Mercado, L. M.; Sitch, S.
  • Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 4, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.5194/gmd-4-701-2011

A new evaluation of the uncertainty associated with CDIAC estimates of fossil fuel carbon dioxide emission
journal, January 2014

  • Andres, Robert J.; Boden, Thomas A.; Higdon, David
  • Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, Vol. 66, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3402/tellusb.v66.23616

How Uncertain Are Estimates of CO2 Emissions?
journal, January 2009

Strong dependence of CO 2 emissions from anthropogenic land cover change on initial land cover and soil carbon parametrization
journal, September 2015

  • Goll, Daniel S.; Brovkin, Victor; Liski, Jari
  • Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 29, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1002/2014GB004988

Contribution of semi-arid ecosystems to interannual variability of the global carbon cycle
journal, May 2014

  • Poulter, Benjamin; Frank, David; Ciais, Philippe
  • Nature, Vol. 509, Issue 7502
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature13376

Historical (1850–2000) gridded anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions of reactive gases and aerosols: methodology and application
journal, January 2010

  • Lamarque, J. -F.; Bond, T. C.; Eyring, V.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 15
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-10-7017-2010

The global carbon budget 1959–2011
journal, January 2013

Seasonally different carbon flux changes in the Southern Ocean in response to the southern annular mode: SAM-RELATED CARBON FLUX CHANGES
journal, December 2013

  • Hauck, J.; Völker, C.; Wang, T.
  • Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 27, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1002/2013GB004600

Update on CO2 emissions
journal, November 2010

  • Friedlingstein, P.; Houghton, R. A.; Marland, G.
  • Nature Geoscience, Vol. 3, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1038/ngeo1022

Data-based estimates of the ocean carbon sink variability – first results of the Surface Ocean p CO 2 Mapping intercomparison (SOCOM)
journal, January 2015

Skill assessment of three earth system models with common marine biogeochemistry
journal, June 2012

A fast method for updating global fossil fuel carbon dioxide emissions
journal, July 2009

Bias in the attribution of forest carbon sinks
journal, September 2013

  • Erb, Karl-Heinz; Kastner, Thomas; Luyssaert, Sebastiaan
  • Nature Climate Change, Vol. 3, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1038/nclimate2004

Economic value of improved quantification in global sources and sinks of carbon dioxide
journal, May 2011

  • Durant, A. J.; Le Quéré, C.; Hope, C.
  • Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 369, Issue 1943
  • DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2011.0002

A synthesis of carbon in international trade
journal, January 2012

  • Peters, G. P.; Davis, S. J.; Andrew, R.
  • Biogeosciences, Vol. 9, Issue 8, p. 3247-3276
  • DOI: 10.5194/bg-9-3247-2012

Reduced carbon emission estimates from fossil fuel combustion and cement production in China
journal, August 2015

Evaluation of spatially explicit emission scenario of land-use change and biomass burning using a process-based biogeochemical model
journal, March 2013

Relevance of methodological choices for accounting of land use change carbon fluxes
journal, August 2015

  • Hansis, Eberhard; Davis, Steven J.; Pongratz, Julia
  • Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 29, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1002/2014GB004997

Three decades of global methane sources and sinks
journal, September 2013

  • Kirschke, Stefanie; Bousquet, Philippe; Ciais, Philippe
  • Nature Geoscience, Vol. 6, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1038/ngeo1955

Recent trends and drivers of regional sources and sinks of carbon dioxide
journal, January 2015

Inverse estimates of anthropogenic CO 2 uptake, transport, and storage by the ocean : AIR-SEA EXCHANGE OF ANTHROPOGENIC CARBON
journal, April 2006

  • Mikaloff Fletcher, S. E.; Gruber, N.; Jacobson, A. R.
  • Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 20, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1029/2005GB002530

The HYDE 3.1 spatially explicit database of human-induced global land-use change over the past 12,000 years: HYDE 3.1 Holocene land use
journal, September 2010

Persistent growth of CO2 emissions and implications for reaching climate targets
journal, September 2014

  • Friedlingstein, P.; Andrew, R. M.; Rogelj, J.
  • Nature Geoscience, Vol. 7, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1038/ngeo2248

Anthropogenic perturbation of the carbon fluxes from land to ocean
journal, June 2013

  • Regnier, Pierre; Friedlingstein, Pierre; Ciais, Philippe
  • Nature Geoscience, Vol. 6, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1038/ngeo1830

The Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES), model description – Part 1: Energy and water fluxes
journal, January 2011

  • Best, M. J.; Pryor, M.; Clark, D. B.
  • Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 4, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.5194/gmd-4-677-2011

The atmospheric signature of carbon capture and storage
journal, April 2011

  • Keeling, R. F.; Manning, A. C.; Dubey, M. K.
  • Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 369, Issue 1943, p. 2113-2132
  • DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2011.0016

Anthropogenic CO2 Uptake by the Ocean Based on the Global Chlorofluorocarbon Data Set
journal, January 2003

Extension and integration of atmospheric carbon dioxide data into a globally consistent measurement record
journal, January 1995

  • Masarie, Kenneth A.; Tans, Pieter P.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 100, Issue D6
  • DOI: 10.1029/95JD00859

Increase in observed net carbon dioxide uptake by land and oceans during the past 50 years
journal, August 2012

  • Ballantyne, A. P.; Alden, C. B.; Miller, J. B.
  • Nature, Vol. 488, Issue 7409
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature11299

CO<sub>2</sub> flux history 1982–2001 inferred from atmospheric data using a global inversion of atmospheric transport
journal, January 2003

  • Rödenbeck, C.; Houweling, S.; Gloor, M.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 3, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-3-1919-2003

The reinvigoration of the Southern Ocean carbon sink
journal, September 2015

  • Landschützer, Peter; Gruber, Nicolas; Haumann, F. Alexander
  • Science, Vol. 349, Issue 6253
  • DOI: 10.1126/science.aab2620

Modelling the role of agriculture for the 20th century global terrestrial carbon balance
journal, March 2007

New estimates of CO2 forest emissions and removals: 1990–2015
journal, September 2015

A multi-decade record of high-quality f CO 2 data in version 3 of the Surface Ocean CO 2 Atlas (SOCAT)
journal, January 2016

  • Bakker, Dorothee C. E.; Pfeil, Benjamin; Landa, Camilla S.
  • Earth System Science Data, Vol. 8, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.5194/essd-8-383-2016
    [ × clear filter / sort ]

    Works referencing / citing this record:

    An update to the Surface Ocean CO 2 Atlas (SOCAT version 2)
    journal, January 2014

    • Bakker, D. C. E.; Pfeil, B.; Smith, K.
    • Earth System Science Data, Vol. 6, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.5194/essd-6-69-2014

    Historical (1850–2000) gridded anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions of reactive gases and aerosols: methodology and application
    journal, January 2010

    • Lamarque, J. -F.; Bond, T. C.; Eyring, V.
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 15
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-10-7017-2010

    A fast method for updating global fossil fuel carbon dioxide emissions
    journal, July 2009

    Gridded property and transport data of the biennial Greenland-Portugal A25 OVIDE line
    dataset, October 2016

    • Nathalie, Daniault; Herle, Mercier; Pascale, Lherminier
    • Seanoe, 1 GB
    • DOI: 10.17882/46446

    Time series of the Meridional Overturning Circulation intensity at OVIDE
    dataset, October 2016

    • Mercier, Herle; Daniault, Nathalie; Lherminier, Pascale
    • SEANOE (Sea scientific open data edition), 1 file (32 KB)
    • DOI: 10.17882/46445

    The Greenland-Portugal Go-Ship A25 OVIDE CTDO2 hydrographic data
    dataset, October 2016

    • Mercier, Herle; Lherminier, Pascale; Pérez, Fiz F.
    • SEANOE (Sea scientific open data edition), 1 file (139 MB)
    • DOI: 10.17882/46448

    Earth’s Climate System
    book, January 2017

    Paris INDCs
    book, January 2017

    Northern Eurasia Future Initiative (NEFI): facing the challenges and pathways of global change in the twenty-first century
    journal, December 2017

    • Groisman, Pavel; Shugart, Herman; Kicklighter, David
    • Progress in Earth and Planetary Science, Vol. 4, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.1186/s40645-017-0154-5

    Uncertainty analysis of terrestrial net primary productivity and net biome productivity in China during 1901-2005
    journal, May 2016

    • Shao, Junjiong; Zhou, Xuhui; Luo, Yiqi
    • Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Vol. 121, Issue 5, p. 1372-1393
    • DOI: 10.1002/2015jg003062

    Ocean acidification in the subpolar North Atlantic: rates and mechanisms controlling pH changes
    journal, January 2016

    • García-Ibáñez, Maribel I.; Zunino, Patricia; Fröb, Friederike
    • Biogeosciences, Vol. 13, Issue 12
    • DOI: 10.5194/bg-13-3701-2016

    The Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES), model description – Part 2: Carbon fluxes and vegetation dynamics
    journal, January 2011

    • Clark, D. B.; Mercado, L. M.; Sitch, S.
    • Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 4, Issue 3
    • DOI: 10.5194/gmd-4-701-2011

    Stationary Rossby waves dominate subduction of anthropogenic carbon in the Southern Ocean
    journal, December 2017

    Reporting carbon losses from tropical deforestation with Pan-tropical biomass maps
    journal, October 2015

    Experimental assessment of the sensitivity of an estuarine phytoplankton fall bloom to acidification and warming
    journal, January 2018

    • Bénard, Robin; Levasseur, Maurice; Scarratt, Michael
    • Biogeosciences, Vol. 15, Issue 16
    • DOI: 10.5194/bg-15-4883-2018

    The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service Ocean State Report
    journal, September 2016

    • von Schuckmann, Karina; Le Traon, Pierre-Yves; Alvarez-Fanjul, Enrique
    • Journal of Operational Oceanography, Vol. 9, Issue sup2
    • DOI: 10.1080/1755876x.2016.1273446

    The Contribution of Agriculture, Forestry and other Land Use activities to Global Warming, 1990-2012
    journal, February 2015

    • Tubiello, Francesco N.; Salvatore, Mirella; Ferrara, Alessandro F.
    • Global Change Biology, Vol. 21, Issue 7
    • DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12865

    The global carbon budget 1959–2011
    journal, January 2013

    Persistent growth of CO2 emissions and implications for reaching climate targets
    journal, September 2014

    • Friedlingstein, P.; Andrew, R. M.; Rogelj, J.
    • Nature Geoscience, Vol. 7, Issue 10
    • DOI: 10.1038/ngeo2248

    Carbon emissions from land use and land-cover change
    journal, January 2012

    Weakening temperature control on the interannual variations of spring carbon uptake across northern lands
    journal, April 2017

    • Piao, Shilong; Liu, Zhuo; Wang, Tao
    • Nature Climate Change, Vol. 7, Issue 5
    • DOI: 10.1038/nclimate3277

    Six years of atmospheric CO 2 observations at Mt. Fuji recorded with a battery-powered measurement system
    journal, January 2017

    • Nomura, Shohei; Mukai, Hitoshi; Terao, Yukio
    • Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 10, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.5194/amt-10-667-2017

    A new evaluation of the uncertainty associated with CDIAC estimates of fossil fuel carbon dioxide emission
    journal, January 2014

    • Andres, Robert J.; Boden, Thomas A.; Higdon, David
    • Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, Vol. 66, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.3402/tellusb.v66.23616

    Coupling population dynamics with earth system models: the POPEM model
    journal, September 2017

    • Navarro, Andrés; Moreno, Raúl; Jiménez-Alcázar, Alfonso
    • Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Vol. 26, Issue 4
    • DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0127-7

    Satellite-derived CO 2 flux in the surface seawater of the Austral Ocean south of Australia
    journal, January 2017

    Implications of overestimated anthropogenic CO2 emissions on East Asian and global land CO2 flux inversion
    dataset, May 2017

    A synthesis of carbon in international trade
    journal, January 2012

    • Peters, G. P.; Davis, S. J.; Andrew, R.
    • Biogeosciences, Vol. 9, Issue 8, p. 3247-3276
    • DOI: 10.5194/bg-9-3247-2012

    Evaluation of a near-global eddy-resolving ocean model
    journal, January 2013

    • Oke, P. R.; Griffin, D. A.; Schiller, A.
    • Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 6, Issue 3
    • DOI: 10.5194/gmd-6-591-2013

    Global ocean carbon uptake: magnitude, variability and trends
    journal, January 2013

    The Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES), model description – Part 1: Energy and water fluxes
    journal, January 2011

    • Best, M. J.; Pryor, M.; Clark, D. B.
    • Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 4, Issue 3
    • DOI: 10.5194/gmd-4-677-2011

    Greenhouse gas simulations with a coupled meteorological and transport model: the predictability of CO 2
    journal, January 2016

    • Polavarapu, Saroja M.; Neish, Michael; Tanguay, Monique
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 18
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-16-12005-2016

    Global surface-ocean p CO 2 and sea–air CO 2 flux variability from an observation-driven ocean mixed-layer scheme
    journal, January 2013

    • Rödenbeck, C.; Keeling, R. F.; Bakker, D. C. E.
    • Ocean Science, Vol. 9, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.5194/os-9-193-2013

    Greenhouse gas measurements from a UK network of tall towers: technical description and first results
    journal, January 2018

    • Stanley, Kieran M.; Grant, Aoife; O&apos;Doherty, Simon
    • Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 11, Issue 3
    • DOI: 10.5194/amt-11-1437-2018

    Analysis of daily, monthly, and annual burned area using the fourth-generation global fire emissions database (GFED4): ANALYSIS OF BURNED AREA
    journal, March 2013

    • Giglio, Louis; Randerson, James T.; van der Werf, Guido R.
    • Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Vol. 118, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.1002/jgrg.20042

    Global bounds on nitrogen gas emissions from humid tropical forests
    journal, March 2017

    • Brookshire, E. N. J.; Gerber, S.; Greene, W.
    • Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 44, Issue 5
    • DOI: 10.1002/2017gl072867

    Thailand Energy System Transition to Keep Warming Below 1.5 Degrees
    journal, September 2018

    Audit of the global carbon budget: estimate errors and their impact on uptake uncertainty
    journal, January 2015

    • Ballantyne, A. P.; Andres, R.; Houghton, R.
    • Biogeosciences, Vol. 12, Issue 8, p. 2565-2584
    • DOI: 10.5194/bg-12-2565-2015

    On the statistical optimality of CO 2 atmospheric inversions assimilating CO 2 column retrievals
    journal, January 2015

    Recent trends and drivers of regional sources and sinks of carbon dioxide
    journal, January 2015

    Global ocean storage of anthropogenic carbon
    journal, January 2013

    CO<sub>2</sub> flux history 1982–2001 inferred from atmospheric data using a global inversion of atmospheric transport
    journal, January 2003

    • Rödenbeck, C.; Houweling, S.; Gloor, M.
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 3, Issue 6
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-3-1919-2003

    Questioning emissions-based approaches for the definition of REDD+ deforestation baselines in high forest cover/low deforestation countries
    journal, October 2018

    • Dezécache, Camille; Salles, Jean-Michel; Hérault, Bruno
    • Carbon Balance and Management, Vol. 13, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.1186/s13021-018-0109-1

    Aboveground carbon loss in natural and managed tropical forests from 2000 to 2012
    journal, July 2015

    Global fire emissions and the contribution of deforestation, savanna, forest, agricultural, and peat fires (1997–2009)
    journal, January 2010

    • van der Werf, G. R.; Randerson, J. T.; Giglio, L.
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 23
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-10-11707-2010

    The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series
    journal, January 2016

    • Gütschow, Johannes; Jeffery, M. Louise; Gieseke, Robert
    • Earth System Science Data, Vol. 8, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.5194/essd-8-571-2016

    Data-based estimates of the ocean carbon sink variability – first results of the Surface Ocean p CO 2 Mapping intercomparison (SOCOM)
    journal, January 2015

    LPJmL4 – a dynamic global vegetation model with managed land – Part 2: Model evaluation
    journal, January 2018

    • Schaphoff, Sibyll; Forkel, Matthias; Müller, Christoph
    • Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 11, Issue 4
    • DOI: 10.5194/gmd-11-1377-2018

    Terminology as a key uncertainty in net land use and land cover change carbon flux estimates
    journal, January 2014

    • Pongratz, J.; Reick, C. H.; Houghton, R. A.
    • Earth System Dynamics, Vol. 5, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.5194/esd-5-177-2014

    A uniform, quality controlled Surface Ocean CO 2 Atlas (SOCAT)
    journal, January 2013

    Contrasting effects of acidification and warming on dimethylsulfide concentrations during a temperate estuarine fall bloom mesocosm experiment
    journal, January 2019

    • Bénard, Robin; Levasseur, Maurice; Scarratt, Michael
    • Biogeosciences, Vol. 16, Issue 6
    • DOI: 10.5194/bg-16-1167-2019

    Implications of incorporating N cycling and N limitations on primary production in an individual-based dynamic vegetation model
    journal, January 2014

    LPJmL4 – a dynamic global vegetation model with managed land – Part 1: Model description
    journal, January 2018

    • Schaphoff, Sibyll; von Bloh, Werner; Rammig, Anja
    • Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 11, Issue 4
    • DOI: 10.5194/gmd-11-1343-2018

    Contribution of permafrost soils to the global carbon budget
    journal, February 2013

    Evaluation of the carbon cycle components in the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM)
    journal, January 2013

    • Tjiputra, J. F.; Roelandt, C.; Bentsen, M.
    • Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 6, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.5194/gmd-6-301-2013

    Uncertainty in temperature response of current consumption-based emissions estimates
    journal, January 2015

    • Karstensen, J.; Peters, G. P.; Andrew, R. M.
    • Earth System Dynamics, Vol. 6, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.5194/esd-6-287-2015

    A synthesis of carbon dioxide emissions from fossil-fuel combustion
    journal, January 2012

    An isopycnic ocean carbon cycle model
    journal, January 2010

    • Assmann, K. M.; Bentsen, M.; Segschneider, J.
    • Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 3, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.5194/gmd-3-143-2010

    Simulating estimation of California fossil fuel and biosphere carbon dioxide exchanges combining in situ tower and satellite column observations
    journal, March 2017

    • Fischer, Marc L.; Parazoo, Nicholas; Brophy, Kieran
    • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 122, Issue 6, p. 3653-3671
    • DOI: 10.1002/2016jd025617

    The Asymmetrical Effects of Economic Development on Consumption-based and Production-based Carbon Dioxide Emissions, 1990 to 2014
    journal, January 2018

    • Huang, Xiaorui; Jorgenson, Andrew K.
    • Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World, Vol. 4
    • DOI: 10.1177/2378023118773626

    Global carbon budget 2013
    journal, January 2014

    • Le Quéré, C.; Peters, G. P.; Andres, R. J.
    • Earth System Science Data, Vol. 6, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.5194/essd-6-235-2014

    Global carbon budget 2014
    journal, January 2015

    • Le Quéré, C.; Moriarty, R.; Andrew, R. M.
    • Earth System Science Data, Vol. 7, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.5194/essd-7-47-2015

    Development of a high-resolution spatial inventory of greenhouse gas emissions for Poland from stationary and mobile sources
    journal, February 2018

    • Bun, Rostyslav; Nahorski, Zbigniew; Horabik-Pyzel, Joanna
    • Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Vol. 24, Issue 6
    • DOI: 10.1007/s11027-018-9791-2

    Interannual sea–air CO 2 flux variability from an observation-driven ocean mixed-layer scheme
    journal, January 2014

    Reaching peak emissions
    journal, December 2015

    • Jackson, Robert B.; Canadell, Josep G.; Le Quéré, Corinne
    • Nature Climate Change, Vol. 6, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.1038/nclimate2892

    A comparison of posterior atmospheric CO 2 adjustments obtained from in situ and GOSAT constrained flux inversions
    journal, January 2018

    • Polavarapu, Saroja M.; Deng, Feng; Byrne, Brendan
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 16
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-12011-2018

    A global synthesis inversion analysis of recent variability in CO 2 fluxes using GOSAT and in situ observations
    journal, January 2018

    • Wang, James S.; Kawa, S. Randolph; Collatz, G. James
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 15
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-11097-2018

    Estimates of Water-Column Nutrient Concentrations and Carbonate System Parameters in the Global Ocean: A Novel Approach Based on Neural Networks
    journal, May 2017

    • Sauzède, Raphaëlle; Bittig, Henry C.; Claustre, Hervé
    • Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol. 4
    • DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00128
      [ × clear filter / sort ]

      Similar records in OSTI.GOV collections: