Aqueous proton transfer across single-layer graphene
Abstract
Proton transfer across single-layer graphene proceeds with large computed energy barriers and is therefore thought to be unfavourable at room temperature unless nanoscale holes or dopants are introduced, or a potential bias is applied. In this paper, we subject single-layer graphene supported on fused silica to cycles of high and low pH, and show that protons transfer reversibly from the aqueous phase through the graphene to the other side where they undergo acid–base chemistry with the silica hydroxyl groups. After ruling out diffusion through macroscopic pinholes, the protons are found to transfer through rare, naturally occurring atomic defects. Computer simulations reveal low energy barriers of 0.61–0.75 eV for aqueous proton transfer across hydroxyl-terminated atomic defects that participate in a Grotthuss-type relay, while pyrylium-like ether terminations shut down proton exchange. Finally, unfavourable energy barriers to helium and hydrogen transfer indicate the process is selective for aqueous protons.
- Authors:
-
- Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Science (CNMS)
- Univ. of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA (United States)
- Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Measurement Science and Systems Engineering Division
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Measurement Science and Systems Engineering Division
- Univ. of Puerto Rico, San Juan (Puerto Rico); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Chemical Sciences Division
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Chemical Sciences Division
- Univ. of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA (United States); Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC). Fluid Interface Reactions, Structures and Transport Center (FIRST); Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Fluid Interface Reactions, Structures and Transport Center (FIRST); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1210480
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1265424
- Grant/Contract Number:
- ERKCC61; AC05-00OR22725
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nature Communications
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; catalysis (heterogeneous); solar (fuels); energy storage (including batteries and capacitors); hydrogen and fuel cells; electrodes - solar, mechanical behavior; charge transport; materials and chemistry by design; synthesis (novel materials); 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS
Citation Formats
Achtyl, Jennifer L., Unocic, Raymond R., Xu, Lijun, Cai, Yu, Raju, Muralikrishna, Zhang, Weiwei, Sacci, Robert L., Vlassiouk, Ivan V., Fulvio, Pasquale F., Ganesh, Panchapakesan, Wesolowski, David J., Dai, Sheng, van Duin, Adri C. T., Neurock, Matthew, and Geiger, Franz M. Aqueous proton transfer across single-layer graphene. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.1038/ncomms7539.
Achtyl, Jennifer L., Unocic, Raymond R., Xu, Lijun, Cai, Yu, Raju, Muralikrishna, Zhang, Weiwei, Sacci, Robert L., Vlassiouk, Ivan V., Fulvio, Pasquale F., Ganesh, Panchapakesan, Wesolowski, David J., Dai, Sheng, van Duin, Adri C. T., Neurock, Matthew, & Geiger, Franz M. Aqueous proton transfer across single-layer graphene. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7539
Achtyl, Jennifer L., Unocic, Raymond R., Xu, Lijun, Cai, Yu, Raju, Muralikrishna, Zhang, Weiwei, Sacci, Robert L., Vlassiouk, Ivan V., Fulvio, Pasquale F., Ganesh, Panchapakesan, Wesolowski, David J., Dai, Sheng, van Duin, Adri C. T., Neurock, Matthew, and Geiger, Franz M. Tue .
"Aqueous proton transfer across single-layer graphene". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7539. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1210480.
@article{osti_1210480,
title = {Aqueous proton transfer across single-layer graphene},
author = {Achtyl, Jennifer L. and Unocic, Raymond R. and Xu, Lijun and Cai, Yu and Raju, Muralikrishna and Zhang, Weiwei and Sacci, Robert L. and Vlassiouk, Ivan V. and Fulvio, Pasquale F. and Ganesh, Panchapakesan and Wesolowski, David J. and Dai, Sheng and van Duin, Adri C. T. and Neurock, Matthew and Geiger, Franz M.},
abstractNote = {Proton transfer across single-layer graphene proceeds with large computed energy barriers and is therefore thought to be unfavourable at room temperature unless nanoscale holes or dopants are introduced, or a potential bias is applied. In this paper, we subject single-layer graphene supported on fused silica to cycles of high and low pH, and show that protons transfer reversibly from the aqueous phase through the graphene to the other side where they undergo acid–base chemistry with the silica hydroxyl groups. After ruling out diffusion through macroscopic pinholes, the protons are found to transfer through rare, naturally occurring atomic defects. Computer simulations reveal low energy barriers of 0.61–0.75 eV for aqueous proton transfer across hydroxyl-terminated atomic defects that participate in a Grotthuss-type relay, while pyrylium-like ether terminations shut down proton exchange. Finally, unfavourable energy barriers to helium and hydrogen transfer indicate the process is selective for aqueous protons.},
doi = {10.1038/ncomms7539},
journal = {Nature Communications},
number = ,
volume = 6,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Mar 17 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Tue Mar 17 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}
Web of Science
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Crown ethers in graphene
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First principles study of the permeability of graphene to hydrogen atoms
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Protons migrate along interfacial water without significant contributions from jumps between ionizable groups on the membrane surface
journal, August 2011
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- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 108, Issue 35
Water at hydrophobic interfaces delays proton surface-to-bulk transfer and provides a pathway for lateral proton diffusion
journal, June 2012
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- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 109, Issue 25
Rapid long-range proton diffusion along the surface of the purple membrane and delayed proton transfer into the bulk.
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Thermodynamics and Proton Transport in Nafion
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- Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 152, Issue 3
Impermeable Atomic Membranes from Graphene Sheets
text, January 2008
- Bunch, J. Scott; Verbridge, Scott S.; Alden, Jonathan S.
- arXiv
An accurate measurement of electron beam induced displacement cross sections for single-layer graphene
text, January 2012
- Meyer, J. C.; Eder, F.; Kurasch, S.
- arXiv
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