Anisotropic mechanical properties of zircon and the effect of radiation damage

Beirau, Tobias; Nix, William D.; Bismayer, Ulrich; Boatner, Lynn A.; Isaacson, Scott G.; Ewing, Rodney C.

doi:10.1007/s00269-016-0822-9

Title: Anisotropic mechanical properties of zircon and the effect of radiation damage

Abstract

Our study provides new insights into the relationship between radiation-dose-dependent structural damage, due to natural U and Th impurities, and the anisotropic mechanical properties (Poisson s ratio, elastic modulus and hardness) of zircon. Natural zircon samples from Sri Lanka (see Muarakami et al. 1991) and synthetic samples, covering a dose range of zero up to 6.8 x 10¹⁸ -decays/g, have been studied by nanoindentation. Measurements along the [100] crystallographic direction and calculations, based on elastic stiffness constants determined by zkan (1976), revealed a general radiation-induced decrease in stiffness (~ 54 %) and hardness (~ 48 %) and an increase of the Poisson s ratio (~ 54 %) with increasing dose. Additional indentations on selected samples along the [001] allowed one to follow the amorphization process to the point that the mechanical properties are isotropic. This work shows that the radiation-dose-dependent changes of the mechanical properties of zircon can be directly correlated with the amorphous fraction as determined by previous investigations with local and global probes (Rios et al. 2000a; Farnan and Salje 2001; Zhang and Salje 2001). This agreement, revealed by the different methods, indicates a huge influence of structural and even local phenomena on the macroscopic mechanical properties.

Authors:

Beirau, Tobias ^[1]; Nix, William D. ^[2]; Bismayer, Ulrich ^[3]; Boatner, Lynn A. ^[4]; Isaacson, Scott G. ^[2]; Ewing, Rodney C. ^[2]

Stanford Univ., CA (United States); Univ. of Hamburg (Germany)
Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
Univ. of Hamburg (Germany)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Publication Date:: Thu Jun 02 00:00:00 EDT 2016

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1261332

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physics and Chemistry of Minerals

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Physics and Chemistry of Minerals; Journal ID: ISSN 0342-1791

Publisher:: Springer

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; zircon; radiation damage; alpha-decay; metamictization; nanoindentation; mechanical properties

Citation Formats


                    Beirau, Tobias, Nix, William D., Bismayer, Ulrich, Boatner, Lynn A., Isaacson, Scott G., and Ewing, Rodney C. Anisotropic mechanical properties of zircon and the effect of radiation damage.  United States: N. p., 2016. 
Web.  doi:10.1007/s00269-016-0822-9.

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                    Beirau, Tobias, Nix, William D., Bismayer, Ulrich, Boatner, Lynn A., Isaacson, Scott G., & Ewing, Rodney C. Anisotropic mechanical properties of zircon and the effect of radiation damage.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00269-016-0822-9

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                    Beirau, Tobias, Nix, William D., Bismayer, Ulrich, Boatner, Lynn A., Isaacson, Scott G., and Ewing, Rodney C. Thu .  
"Anisotropic mechanical properties of zircon and the effect of radiation damage".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00269-016-0822-9.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1261332.

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@article{osti_1261332,

  title        = {Anisotropic mechanical properties of zircon and the effect of radiation damage},

  author       = {Beirau, Tobias and Nix, William D. and Bismayer, Ulrich and Boatner, Lynn A. and Isaacson, Scott G. and Ewing, Rodney C.},

  abstractNote = {Our study provides new insights into the relationship between radiation-dose-dependent structural damage, due to natural U and Th impurities, and the anisotropic mechanical properties (Poisson s ratio, elastic modulus and hardness) of zircon. Natural zircon samples from Sri Lanka (see Muarakami et al. 1991) and synthetic samples, covering a dose range of zero up to 6.8 x 1018 -decays/g, have been studied by nanoindentation. Measurements along the [100] crystallographic direction and calculations, based on elastic stiffness constants determined by zkan (1976), revealed a general radiation-induced decrease in stiffness (~ 54 %) and hardness (~ 48 %) and an increase of the Poisson s ratio (~ 54 %) with increasing dose. Additional indentations on selected samples along the [001] allowed one to follow the amorphization process to the point that the mechanical properties are isotropic. This work shows that the radiation-dose-dependent changes of the mechanical properties of zircon can be directly correlated with the amorphous fraction as determined by previous investigations with local and global probes (Rios et al. 2000a; Farnan and Salje 2001; Zhang and Salje 2001). This agreement, revealed by the different methods, indicates a huge influence of structural and even local phenomena on the macroscopic mechanical properties.},

  doi          = {10.1007/s00269-016-0822-9},

  journal      = {Physics and Chemistry of Minerals},

  number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Jun 02 00:00:00 EDT 2016},

  month        = {Thu Jun 02 00:00:00 EDT 2016}

}

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Title: Anisotropic mechanical properties of zircon and the effect of radiation damage

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Citation Formats

High-Uranium Zircon from "Chernobyl Lavas" journal, January 1993

Poisson's ratio for tetragonal, hexagonal, and cubic crystals journal, January 1996

Mechanical properties of natural radiation-damaged titanite and temperature-induced structural reorganization: A nanoindentation and Raman spectroscopic study journal, February 2016

Synthesis and investigation of Pu-doped single crystal zircon, (Zr, Pu)SiO4 journal, January 2002

Extrema of Young’s modulus for elastic solids with tetragonal symmetry journal, September 2005

Alpha-Decay--Induced Fracturing in Zircon: The Transition from the Crystalline to the Metamict State journal, June 1987

Hardness and elastic modulus of zircon as a function of heavy-particle irradiation dose: I. In situ α-decay event damage journal, November 1991

Annealing Metamict Zircon: A Powder X-ray Diffraction Study of a Highly Defective Phase journal, October 1999

Energetics of radiation damage in natural zircon (ZrSiO4) journal, July 1994

Nuclear waste forms for actinides journal, March 1999

The Design and Evaluation of Nuclear-Waste Forms: Clues from Mineralogy journal, June 2001

Ceramic matrices for plutonium disposition journal, November 2007

Displaced by radiation journal, January 2007

Actinides and radiation effects: impact on the back-end of the nuclear fuel cycle journal, August 2011

Zircon: A host-phase for the disposal of weapons plutonium journal, February 1995

Crystalline Ceramics: Waste Forms for the Disposal of Weapons Plutonium book, January 1996

Induced swelling in radiation damaged ZrSiO4 journal, February 1984

29 Si NMR characterisation of the crystalline-amorphous transition in ZrSiO 4 journal, June 1999

The degree and nature of radiation damage in zircon observed by 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance journal, February 2001

The effect of radiation damage on local structure in the crystalline fraction of ZrSiO 4 : Investigating the 29 Si NMR response to pressure in zircon and reidite journal, November 2003

Quantification of actinide α-radiation damage in minerals and ceramics journal, January 2007

Isothermal annealing of partially metamict zircon: evidence for a three-stage recovery process journal, July 2002

Kinetics of thermal recovery and recrystallization of partially metamict zircon: a Raman spectroscopic study [Kinetics of thermal recovery and recrystallization of partially metamict zircon: a Raman spectroscopic study] journal, November 2001

A Raman spectroscopic study of high-uranium zircon from the Chernobyl "lava" [A Raman spectroscopic study of high-uranium zircon from the Chernobyl "lava"] journal, January 2006

Poisson's ratio and modern materials journal, October 2011

Zircon zonation patterns as revealed by cathodoluminescence and backscattered electron images: Implications for interpretation of complex crustal histories journal, November 1993

The effect of nuclear radiation on the structure of zircon journal, June 1955

Lectures in Isotope Geology book, January 1979

A new method for analyzing data from continuous depth-sensing microindentation tests journal, January 1990

A photoluminescence study of REE 3+ emissions in radiation-damaged zircon journal, May 2015

A review of nanoindentation continuous stiffness measurement technique and its applications journal, February 2002

Effect of annealing on the elastic moduli of amorphous zirconium tungstate journal, November 2014

Radiation damage in zircon and monazite journal, July 1998

Annealing radiation damage and the recovery of cathodoluminescence journal, November 2002

Incomplete retention of radiation damage in zircon from Sri Lanka journal, January 2004

An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments journal, June 1992

Measurement of hardness and elastic modulus by instrumented indentation: Advances in understanding and refinements to methodology journal, January 2004

Hardness and elastic modulus of zircon as a function of heavy-particle irradiation dose:: II. Pb-ion implantation damage journal, October 1994

Effect of nuclear radiation on the elastic moduli of zircon journal, November 1976

Elastic constants of nonmetamict zirconium silicate journal, February 1974

Radiation damage in zircon journal, May 2003

Measurement of mechanical properties by ultra-low load indentation journal, September 1998

Determination of Radiation Damage Ages on Parts of Zircon Grains by Raman Microprobe: Implications for Annealing History and U-Pb Stability journal, January 1998

Amorphization in zircon: evidence for direct impact damage journal, March 2000

Localized defects in radiation-damaged zircon journal, December 2000

Positron annihilation lifetime study of radiation-damaged natural zircons journal, April 2016

Elastic softening of zircon by radiation damage journal, September 2006

Is "metamictization" of zircon a phase transition? journal, August 1999

Evidence for direct impact damage in metamict titanite CaTiSiO 5 journal, December 2011

Quantification of -particle radiation damage in zircon journal, October 2014

The relation between load and penetration in the axisymmetric boussinesq problem for a punch of arbitrary profile journal, May 1965

Atomistic modelling of radiation damage in zircon journal, February 2001

Radiation-induced defects and amorphization in zircon journal, November 1990

Self-radiation damage and recovery in Pu-doped zircon journal, January 1991

Alpha-Decay-Induced Amorphization in Complex Silicate Structures journal, July 1993

Models and mechanisms of irradiation-induced amorphization in ceramics journal, May 2000

The radiation-induced crystalline-to-amorphous transition in zircon journal, March 1994

Radiation effects in crystalline ceramics for the immobilization of high-level nuclear waste and plutonium journal, June 1998

The Effect of Temperature and Damage Energy on Amorphization in Zircon journal, January 1998

Infrared spectroscopic analysis of zircon: Radiation damage and the metamict state journal, March 2001

Metamictization of zircon: Raman spectroscopic study journal, February 2000

Annealing of alpha-decay damage in zircon: a Raman spectroscopic study journal, March 2000

Alpha-decay damage and recrystallization in zircon: evidence for an intermediate state from infrared spectroscopy journal, May 2000

Infrared spectra of Si-O overtones, hydrous species, and U ions in metamict zircon: radiation damage and recrystallization journal, March 2002

Applications of near-infrared FT-Raman spectroscopy in metamict and annealed zircon: oxidation state of U ions journal, September 2004

Pb+ irradiation of synthetic zircon (ZrSiO4): Infrared spectroscopic investigation journal, August 2008

Micro-Raman and micro-infrared spectroscopic studies of Pb- and Au-irradiated Zr Si O 4 : Optical properties, structural damage, and amorphization journal, April 2008

Mechanical and structural properties of radiation-damaged allanite-(Ce) and the effects of thermal annealing journal, August 2019

Radiation-damage-induced transitions in zircon: Percolation theory applied to hardness and elastic moduli as a function of density journal, May 2018

Mechanical and structural properties of radiation-damaged allanite-(Ce) and the effects of thermal annealing text, January 2019

High-Uranium Zircon from "Chernobyl Lavas"
journal, January 1993

Poisson's ratio for tetragonal, hexagonal, and cubic crystals
journal, January 1996

Mechanical properties of natural radiation-damaged titanite and temperature-induced structural reorganization: A nanoindentation and Raman spectroscopic study
journal, February 2016

Synthesis and investigation of Pu-doped single crystal zircon, (Zr, Pu)SiO4
journal, January 2002

Extrema of Young’s modulus for elastic solids with tetragonal symmetry
journal, September 2005

Alpha-Decay--Induced Fracturing in Zircon: The Transition from the Crystalline to the Metamict State
journal, June 1987

Hardness and elastic modulus of zircon as a function of heavy-particle irradiation dose: I. In situ α-decay event damage
journal, November 1991

Annealing Metamict Zircon: A Powder X-ray Diffraction Study of a Highly Defective Phase
journal, October 1999

Energetics of radiation damage in natural zircon (ZrSiO4)
journal, July 1994

Nuclear waste forms for actinides
journal, March 1999

The Design and Evaluation of Nuclear-Waste Forms: Clues from Mineralogy
journal, June 2001

Ceramic matrices for plutonium disposition
journal, November 2007

Displaced by radiation
journal, January 2007

Actinides and radiation effects: impact on the back-end of the nuclear fuel cycle
journal, August 2011

Zircon: A host-phase for the disposal of weapons plutonium
journal, February 1995

Crystalline Ceramics: Waste Forms for the Disposal of Weapons Plutonium
book, January 1996

Induced swelling in radiation damaged ZrSiO4
journal, February 1984

²⁹ Si NMR characterisation of the crystalline-amorphous transition in ZrSiO ₄
journal, June 1999

The degree and nature of radiation damage in zircon observed by 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance
journal, February 2001

The effect of radiation damage on local structure in the crystalline fraction of ZrSiO ₄ : Investigating the ²⁹ Si NMR response to pressure in zircon and reidite
journal, November 2003

Quantification of actinide α-radiation damage in minerals and ceramics
journal, January 2007

Isothermal annealing of partially metamict zircon: evidence for a three-stage recovery process
journal, July 2002

Kinetics of thermal recovery and recrystallization of partially metamict zircon: a Raman spectroscopic study [Kinetics of thermal recovery and recrystallization of partially metamict zircon: a Raman spectroscopic study]
journal, November 2001

A Raman spectroscopic study of high-uranium zircon from the Chernobyl "lava" [A Raman spectroscopic study of high-uranium zircon from the Chernobyl "lava"]
journal, January 2006

Poisson's ratio and modern materials
journal, October 2011

Zircon zonation patterns as revealed by cathodoluminescence and backscattered electron images: Implications for interpretation of complex crustal histories
journal, November 1993

The effect of nuclear radiation on the structure of zircon
journal, June 1955

Lectures in Isotope Geology
book, January 1979

A new method for analyzing data from continuous depth-sensing microindentation tests
journal, January 1990

A photoluminescence study of REE ³⁺ emissions in radiation-damaged zircon
journal, May 2015

A review of nanoindentation continuous stiffness measurement technique and its applications
journal, February 2002

Effect of annealing on the elastic moduli of amorphous zirconium tungstate
journal, November 2014

Radiation damage in zircon and monazite
journal, July 1998

Annealing radiation damage and the recovery of cathodoluminescence
journal, November 2002

Incomplete retention of radiation damage in zircon from Sri Lanka
journal, January 2004

An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments
journal, June 1992

Measurement of hardness and elastic modulus by instrumented indentation: Advances in understanding and refinements to methodology
journal, January 2004

Hardness and elastic modulus of zircon as a function of heavy-particle irradiation dose:: II. Pb-ion implantation damage
journal, October 1994

Effect of nuclear radiation on the elastic moduli of zircon
journal, November 1976

Elastic constants of nonmetamict zirconium silicate
journal, February 1974

Radiation damage in zircon
journal, May 2003

Measurement of mechanical properties by ultra-low load indentation
journal, September 1998

Determination of Radiation Damage Ages on Parts of Zircon Grains by Raman Microprobe: Implications for Annealing History and U-Pb Stability
journal, January 1998

Amorphization in zircon: evidence for direct impact damage
journal, March 2000

Localized defects in radiation-damaged zircon
journal, December 2000

Positron annihilation lifetime study of radiation-damaged natural zircons
journal, April 2016

Elastic softening of zircon by radiation damage
journal, September 2006

Is "metamictization" of zircon a phase transition?
journal, August 1999

Evidence for direct impact damage in metamict titanite CaTiSiO ₅
journal, December 2011

Quantification of -particle radiation damage in zircon
journal, October 2014

The relation between load and penetration in the axisymmetric boussinesq problem for a punch of arbitrary profile
journal, May 1965

Atomistic modelling of radiation damage in zircon
journal, February 2001

Radiation-induced defects and amorphization in zircon
journal, November 1990

Self-radiation damage and recovery in Pu-doped zircon
journal, January 1991

Alpha-Decay-Induced Amorphization in Complex Silicate Structures
journal, July 1993

Models and mechanisms of irradiation-induced amorphization in ceramics
journal, May 2000

The radiation-induced crystalline-to-amorphous transition in zircon
journal, March 1994

Radiation effects in crystalline ceramics for the immobilization of high-level nuclear waste and plutonium
journal, June 1998

The Effect of Temperature and Damage Energy on Amorphization in Zircon
journal, January 1998

Infrared spectroscopic analysis of zircon: Radiation damage and the metamict state
journal, March 2001

Metamictization of zircon: Raman spectroscopic study
journal, February 2000

Annealing of alpha-decay damage in zircon: a Raman spectroscopic study
journal, March 2000

Alpha-decay damage and recrystallization in zircon: evidence for an intermediate state from infrared spectroscopy
journal, May 2000

Infrared spectra of Si-O overtones, hydrous species, and U ions in metamict zircon: radiation damage and recrystallization
journal, March 2002

Applications of near-infrared FT-Raman spectroscopy in metamict and annealed zircon: oxidation state of U ions
journal, September 2004

Pb+ irradiation of synthetic zircon (ZrSiO4): Infrared spectroscopic investigation
journal, August 2008

Micro-Raman and micro-infrared spectroscopic studies of Pb- and Au-irradiated $Zr Si O_{4}$ : Optical properties, structural damage, and amorphization
journal, April 2008

Mechanical and structural properties of radiation-damaged allanite-(Ce) and the effects of thermal annealing
journal, August 2019

Radiation-damage-induced transitions in zircon: Percolation theory applied to hardness and elastic moduli as a function of density
journal, May 2018

Mechanical and structural properties of radiation-damaged allanite-(Ce) and the effects of thermal annealing
text, January 2019