Strontium isotope investigation of ungulate movement patterns on the Pleistocene Paleo-Agulhas Plain of the Greater Cape Floristic Region, South Africa

Copeland, Sandi R.; Cawthra, Hayley C.; Fisher, Erich C.; Lee-Thorp, Julia A.; Cowling, Richard M.; le Roux, Petrus J.; Hodgkins, Jamie; Marean, Curtis W.

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.04.002

Title: Strontium isotope investigation of ungulate movement patterns on the Pleistocene Paleo-Agulhas Plain of the Greater Cape Floristic Region, South Africa

Journal Article · Sat Apr 16 04:00:00 UTC 2016 · Quaternary Science Reviews

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.04.002 · OSTI ID:1255252

^[1]; Cawthra, Hayley C. ^[2]; Fisher, Erich C. ^[3]; Lee-Thorp, Julia A. ^[4]; Cowling, Richard M. ^[5]; le Roux, Petrus J. ^[6]; Hodgkins, Jamie ^[7]; Marean, Curtis W. ^[8]

Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
Council for Geoscience, Bellville (South Africa); Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Univ., Port Elizabeth (South Africa)
Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Univ., Port Elizabeth (South Africa); Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States); Univ. of the Witwatersrand, Wits (South Africa)
Univ. of Oxford, Oxford (United Kingdom)
Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Univ., Port Elizabeth (South Africa)
Univ. of Cape Town, Cape Town (South Africa)
Univ. of Colorado, Denver, CO (United States)
Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Univ., Port Elizabeth (South Africa); Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States)

Middle Stone Age sites located within the Greater Cape Floristic Region on the South African southern coast have material culture with early evidence for key modern human behaviors such as projectile weaponry, large animal hunting, and symbolic behavior. In order to interpret how and why these changes evolved, it is necessary to understand their ecological context as it has direct relevance to foraging behavior. During periods of lowered sea level, a largely flat and vast expanse of land existed south of the modern coastline, but it is now submerged by higher sea levels. This exposed area, the Paleo-Agulhas Plain, likely created an ecological context unlike anything in the region today, as evidenced by fossil assemblages dominated by migratory ungulates. One hypothesis is that the Paleo-Agulhas Plain supported a migration ecosystem of large grazers driven by summer rainfall, producing palatable forage during summer in the east, and winter rainfall, producing palatable forage during winter in the west. Furthermore, ungulates may have been moving from the coastal plain in the south to the interior north of the Cape Fold Mountains, as observed for elephants in historic times.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396

OSTI ID:: 1255252

Report Number(s):: LA-UR--15-27713

Journal Information:: Quaternary Science Reviews, Journal Name: Quaternary Science Reviews Journal Issue: C Vol. 141; ISSN 0277-3791

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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