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Title: Gemini Planet Imager Spectroscopy of the HR 8799 Planets c and d

Abstract

During the first-light run of the Gemini Planet Imager we obtained K-band spectra of exoplanets HR 8799 c and d. Analysis of the spectra indicates that planet d may be warmer than planet c. Comparisons to recent patchy cloud models and previously obtained observations over multiple wavelengths confirm that thick clouds combined with horizontal variation in the cloud cover generally reproduce the planets’ spectral energy distributions.When combined with the 3 to 4μm photometric data points, the observations provide strong constraints on the atmospheric methane content for both planets. Lastly, the data also provide further evidence that future modeling efforts must include cloud opacity, possibly including cloud holes, disequilibrium chemistry, and super-solar metallicity.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [1];  [5];  [6];  [7];  [8];  [9];  [10];  [11];  [4];  [4];  [8];  [10];  [12];  [13];  [12];  [12] more »;  [13];  [14];  [15];  [14];  [16];  [13];  [14];  [5];  [10];  [10];  [6];  [17];  [18];  [6];  [18];  [12];  [12];  [4];  [19];  [18];  [18];  [20];  [21];  [22];  [10];  [18] « less
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
  2. NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Moffett Field, Mountain View, CA (United States)
  3. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
  4. NRC Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics,Victoria, BC (Canada)
  5. Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
  6. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  7. Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)
  8. Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
  9. Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States); Univ. of Exeter, Exeter (United Kingdom)
  10. Univ. of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States)
  11. Univ. of Montreal, Quebec (Canada)
  12. Gemini Observatory, La Serena (Chile)
  13. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  14. Univ. of Toronto, ON (Canada)
  15. Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States
  16. SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA (United States). Carl Sagan Center
  17. Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States). School of Earth and Space Exploration
  18. Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD (United States)
  19. Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
  20. Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States). Department of Physics and Astronomy
  21. NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Moffett Field, Mountain View, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Santa Cruz (UARC), CA (United States)
  22. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Jet Propulsion Lab.
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1253166
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC52-07NA27344
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online); Journal Volume: 794; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-8213
Publisher:
Institute of Physics (IOP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
gaseous planets; planets and satellites; infrared planetary systems; adaptive optics

Citation Formats

Ingraham, Patrick, Marley, Mark S., Saumon, Didier, Marois, Christian, Macintosh, Bruce, Barman, Travis, Bauman, Brian, Burrows, Adam, Chilcote, Jeffrey K., De Rosa, Robert J., Dillon, Daren, Doyon, René, Dunn, Jennifer, Erikson, Darren, Fitzgerald, Michael P., Gavel, Donald, Goodsell, Stephen J., Graham, James R., Hartung, Markus, Hibon, Pascale, Kalas, Paul G., Konopacky, Quinn, Larkin, James A., Maire, Jérôme, Marchis, Franck, McBride, James, Millar-Blanchaer, Max, Morzinski, Katie M., Norton, Andrew, Oppenheimer, Rebecca, Palmer, Dave W., Patience, Jenny, Perrin, Marshall D., Poyneer, Lisa A., Pueyo, Laurent, Rantakyrö, Fredrik, Sadakuni, Naru, Saddlemyer, Leslie, Savransky, Dmitry, Soummer, Rémi, Sivaramakrishnan, Anand, Song, Inseok, Thomas, Sandrine, Kent Wallace, J., Wiktorowicz, Sloane J., and Wolff, Schuyler G. Gemini Planet Imager Spectroscopy of the HR 8799 Planets c and d. United States: N. p., 2014. Web. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/794/1/l15.
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Ingraham, Patrick, Marley, Mark S., Saumon, Didier, Marois, Christian, Macintosh, Bruce, Barman, Travis, Bauman, Brian, Burrows, Adam, Chilcote, Jeffrey K., De Rosa, Robert J., Dillon, Daren, Doyon, René, Dunn, Jennifer, Erikson, Darren, Fitzgerald, Michael P., Gavel, Donald, Goodsell, Stephen J., Graham, James R., Hartung, Markus, Hibon, Pascale, Kalas, Paul G., Konopacky, Quinn, Larkin, James A., Maire, Jérôme, Marchis, Franck, McBride, James, Millar-Blanchaer, Max, Morzinski, Katie M., Norton, Andrew, Oppenheimer, Rebecca, Palmer, Dave W., Patience, Jenny, Perrin, Marshall D., Poyneer, Lisa A., Pueyo, Laurent, Rantakyrö, Fredrik, Sadakuni, Naru, Saddlemyer, Leslie, Savransky, Dmitry, Soummer, Rémi, Sivaramakrishnan, Anand, Song, Inseok, Thomas, Sandrine, Kent Wallace, J., Wiktorowicz, Sloane J., & Wolff, Schuyler G. Gemini Planet Imager Spectroscopy of the HR 8799 Planets c and d. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/794/1/l15
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Ingraham, Patrick, Marley, Mark S., Saumon, Didier, Marois, Christian, Macintosh, Bruce, Barman, Travis, Bauman, Brian, Burrows, Adam, Chilcote, Jeffrey K., De Rosa, Robert J., Dillon, Daren, Doyon, René, Dunn, Jennifer, Erikson, Darren, Fitzgerald, Michael P., Gavel, Donald, Goodsell, Stephen J., Graham, James R., Hartung, Markus, Hibon, Pascale, Kalas, Paul G., Konopacky, Quinn, Larkin, James A., Maire, Jérôme, Marchis, Franck, McBride, James, Millar-Blanchaer, Max, Morzinski, Katie M., Norton, Andrew, Oppenheimer, Rebecca, Palmer, Dave W., Patience, Jenny, Perrin, Marshall D., Poyneer, Lisa A., Pueyo, Laurent, Rantakyrö, Fredrik, Sadakuni, Naru, Saddlemyer, Leslie, Savransky, Dmitry, Soummer, Rémi, Sivaramakrishnan, Anand, Song, Inseok, Thomas, Sandrine, Kent Wallace, J., Wiktorowicz, Sloane J., and Wolff, Schuyler G. Tue . "Gemini Planet Imager Spectroscopy of the HR 8799 Planets c and d". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/794/1/l15. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1253166.
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@article{osti_1253166,
title = {Gemini Planet Imager Spectroscopy of the HR 8799 Planets c and d},
author = {Ingraham, Patrick and Marley, Mark S. and Saumon, Didier and Marois, Christian and Macintosh, Bruce and Barman, Travis and Bauman, Brian and Burrows, Adam and Chilcote, Jeffrey K. and De Rosa, Robert J. and Dillon, Daren and Doyon, René and Dunn, Jennifer and Erikson, Darren and Fitzgerald, Michael P. and Gavel, Donald and Goodsell, Stephen J. and Graham, James R. and Hartung, Markus and Hibon, Pascale and Kalas, Paul G. and Konopacky, Quinn and Larkin, James A. and Maire, Jérôme and Marchis, Franck and McBride, James and Millar-Blanchaer, Max and Morzinski, Katie M. and Norton, Andrew and Oppenheimer, Rebecca and Palmer, Dave W. and Patience, Jenny and Perrin, Marshall D. and Poyneer, Lisa A. and Pueyo, Laurent and Rantakyrö, Fredrik and Sadakuni, Naru and Saddlemyer, Leslie and Savransky, Dmitry and Soummer, Rémi and Sivaramakrishnan, Anand and Song, Inseok and Thomas, Sandrine and Kent Wallace, J. and Wiktorowicz, Sloane J. and Wolff, Schuyler G.},
abstractNote = {During the first-light run of the Gemini Planet Imager we obtained K-band spectra of exoplanets HR 8799 c and d. Analysis of the spectra indicates that planet d may be warmer than planet c. Comparisons to recent patchy cloud models and previously obtained observations over multiple wavelengths confirm that thick clouds combined with horizontal variation in the cloud cover generally reproduce the planets’ spectral energy distributions.When combined with the 3 to 4μm photometric data points, the observations provide strong constraints on the atmospheric methane content for both planets. Lastly, the data also provide further evidence that future modeling efforts must include cloud opacity, possibly including cloud holes, disequilibrium chemistry, and super-solar metallicity.},
doi = {10.1088/2041-8205/794/1/l15},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online)},
number = 1,
volume = 794,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Sep 30 00:00:00 EDT 2014},
month = {Tue Sep 30 00:00:00 EDT 2014}
}
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    Cloud Atlas: Rotational Modulations in the L/T Transition Brown Dwarf Companion HN Peg B
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    GPI Spectra of HR 8799 c, d, and e from 1.5 to 2.4 μ m with KLIP Forward Modeling
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    The LEECH Exoplanet Imaging Survey: Limits on Planet Occurrence Rates under Conservative Assumptions
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    The Gemini Planet Imager Exoplanet Survey: Giant Planet and Brown Dwarf Demographics from 10 to 100 au
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    Imaging Extrasolar Giant Planets
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    Spectral and atmospheric characterization of 51 Eridani b using VLT/SPHERE
    text, January 2017

    Cloud Atlas: Rotational Modulations in the L/T Transition Brown Dwarf Companion HN Peg B
    text, January 2018

    The LEECH Exoplanet Imaging Survey: Limits on Planet Occurrence Rates Under Conservative Assumptions
    text, January 2018

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