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Title: First beryllium capsule implosions on the National Ignition Facility

Abstract

The first indirect drive implosion experiments using Beryllium (Be) capsules at the National Ignition Facility confirm the superior ablation properties and elucidate possible Be-ablator issues such as hohlraum filling by ablator material. Since the 1990s, Be has been the preferred Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) ablator because of its higher mass ablation rate compared to that of carbon-based ablators. This enables ICF target designs with higher implosion velocities at lower radiation temperatures and improved hydrodynamic stability through greater ablative stabilization. Recent experiments to demonstrate the viability of Be ablator target designs measured the backscattered laser energy, capsule implosion velocity, core implosion shape from self-emission, and in-flight capsule shape from backlit imaging. The laser backscatter is similar to that from comparable plastic (CH) targets under the same hohlraum conditions. Implosion velocity measurements from backlit streaked radiography show that laser energy coupling to the hohlraum wall is comparable to plastic ablators. The measured implosion shape indicates no significant reduction of laser energy from the inner laser cone beams reaching the hohlraum wall as compared with plastic and high-density carbon ablators. These results indicate that the high mass ablation rate for beryllium capsules does not significantly alter hohlraum energetics. In addition, these data, togethermore » with data for low fill-density hohlraum performance, indicate that laser power multipliers, required to reconcile simulations with experimental observations, are likely due to our limited understanding of the hohlraum rather than the capsule physics since similar multipliers are needed for both Be and CH capsules as seen in experiments.« less

Authors:
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+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
  2. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  3. General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
  4. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1408832
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1252335; OSTI ID: 1366913
Report Number(s):
LA-UR-15-29483; LLNL-JRNL-702977
Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X; TRN: US1703074
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC52-06NA25396; AC52-07NA27344
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Physics of Plasmas
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 23; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X
Publisher:
American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
42 ENGINEERING; 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY

Citation Formats

Kline, J. L., Yi, S. A., Simakov, A. N., Olson, R. E., Wilson, D. C., Kyrala, G. A., Perry, T. S., Batha, S. H., Zylstra, A. B., Dewald, E. L., Tommasini, R., Ralph, J. E., Strozzi, D. J., MacPhee, A. G., Callahan, D. A., Hinkel, D. E., Hurricane, O. A., Milovich, J. L., Rygg, J. R., Khan, S. F., Haan, S. W., Celliers, P. M., Clark, D. S., Hammel, B. A., Kozioziemski, B., Schneider, M. B., Marinak, M. M., Rinderknecht, H. G., Robey, H. F., Salmonson, J. D., Patel, P. K., Ma, T., Edwards, M. J., Stadermann, M., Baxamusa, S., Alford, C., Wang, M., Nikroo, A., Rice, N., Hoover, D., Youngblood, K. P., Xu, H., Huang, H., and Sio, H. First beryllium capsule implosions on the National Ignition Facility. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1063/1.4948277.
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Kline, J. L., Yi, S. A., Simakov, A. N., Olson, R. E., Wilson, D. C., Kyrala, G. A., Perry, T. S., Batha, S. H., Zylstra, A. B., Dewald, E. L., Tommasini, R., Ralph, J. E., Strozzi, D. J., MacPhee, A. G., Callahan, D. A., Hinkel, D. E., Hurricane, O. A., Milovich, J. L., Rygg, J. R., Khan, S. F., Haan, S. W., Celliers, P. M., Clark, D. S., Hammel, B. A., Kozioziemski, B., Schneider, M. B., Marinak, M. M., Rinderknecht, H. G., Robey, H. F., Salmonson, J. D., Patel, P. K., Ma, T., Edwards, M. J., Stadermann, M., Baxamusa, S., Alford, C., Wang, M., Nikroo, A., Rice, N., Hoover, D., Youngblood, K. P., Xu, H., Huang, H., & Sio, H. First beryllium capsule implosions on the National Ignition Facility. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4948277
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Kline, J. L., Yi, S. A., Simakov, A. N., Olson, R. E., Wilson, D. C., Kyrala, G. A., Perry, T. S., Batha, S. H., Zylstra, A. B., Dewald, E. L., Tommasini, R., Ralph, J. E., Strozzi, D. J., MacPhee, A. G., Callahan, D. A., Hinkel, D. E., Hurricane, O. A., Milovich, J. L., Rygg, J. R., Khan, S. F., Haan, S. W., Celliers, P. M., Clark, D. S., Hammel, B. A., Kozioziemski, B., Schneider, M. B., Marinak, M. M., Rinderknecht, H. G., Robey, H. F., Salmonson, J. D., Patel, P. K., Ma, T., Edwards, M. J., Stadermann, M., Baxamusa, S., Alford, C., Wang, M., Nikroo, A., Rice, N., Hoover, D., Youngblood, K. P., Xu, H., Huang, H., and Sio, H. Tue . "First beryllium capsule implosions on the National Ignition Facility". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4948277. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1408832.
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@article{osti_1408832,
title = {First beryllium capsule implosions on the National Ignition Facility},
author = {Kline, J. L. and Yi, S. A. and Simakov, A. N. and Olson, R. E. and Wilson, D. C. and Kyrala, G. A. and Perry, T. S. and Batha, S. H. and Zylstra, A. B. and Dewald, E. L. and Tommasini, R. and Ralph, J. E. and Strozzi, D. J. and MacPhee, A. G. and Callahan, D. A. and Hinkel, D. E. and Hurricane, O. A. and Milovich, J. L. and Rygg, J. R. and Khan, S. F. and Haan, S. W. and Celliers, P. M. and Clark, D. S. and Hammel, B. A. and Kozioziemski, B. and Schneider, M. B. and Marinak, M. M. and Rinderknecht, H. G. and Robey, H. F. and Salmonson, J. D. and Patel, P. K. and Ma, T. and Edwards, M. J. and Stadermann, M. and Baxamusa, S. and Alford, C. and Wang, M. and Nikroo, A. and Rice, N. and Hoover, D. and Youngblood, K. P. and Xu, H. and Huang, H. and Sio, H.},
abstractNote = {The first indirect drive implosion experiments using Beryllium (Be) capsules at the National Ignition Facility confirm the superior ablation properties and elucidate possible Be-ablator issues such as hohlraum filling by ablator material. Since the 1990s, Be has been the preferred Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) ablator because of its higher mass ablation rate compared to that of carbon-based ablators. This enables ICF target designs with higher implosion velocities at lower radiation temperatures and improved hydrodynamic stability through greater ablative stabilization. Recent experiments to demonstrate the viability of Be ablator target designs measured the backscattered laser energy, capsule implosion velocity, core implosion shape from self-emission, and in-flight capsule shape from backlit imaging. The laser backscatter is similar to that from comparable plastic (CH) targets under the same hohlraum conditions. Implosion velocity measurements from backlit streaked radiography show that laser energy coupling to the hohlraum wall is comparable to plastic ablators. The measured implosion shape indicates no significant reduction of laser energy from the inner laser cone beams reaching the hohlraum wall as compared with plastic and high-density carbon ablators. These results indicate that the high mass ablation rate for beryllium capsules does not significantly alter hohlraum energetics. In addition, these data, together with data for low fill-density hohlraum performance, indicate that laser power multipliers, required to reconcile simulations with experimental observations, are likely due to our limited understanding of the hohlraum rather than the capsule physics since similar multipliers are needed for both Be and CH capsules as seen in experiments.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4948277},
journal = {Physics of Plasmas},
number = 5,
volume = 23,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue May 10 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Tue May 10 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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    Works referencing / citing this record:

    Capsule physics comparison of National Ignition Facility implosion designs using plastic, high density carbon, and beryllium ablators
    journal, March 2018

    • Clark, D. S.; Kritcher, A. L.; Yi, S. A.
    • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 3
    • DOI: 10.1063/1.5016874

    The potential of imposed magnetic fields for enhancing ignition probability and fusion energy yield in indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion
    journal, June 2017

    • Perkins, L. J.; Ho, D. D. -M; Logan, B. G.
    • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 24, Issue 6
    • DOI: 10.1063/1.4985150

    Octahedral spherical Hohlraum for Rev. 6 NIF beryllium capsule
    journal, October 2018

    • Ren, Guoli; Lan, Ke; Chen, Yao-Hua
    • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 10
    • DOI: 10.1063/1.5041026

    Implosion performance of subscale beryllium capsules on the NIF
    journal, May 2019

    • Zylstra, A. B.; MacLaren, S.; Yi, S. A.
    • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 5
    • DOI: 10.1063/1.5098319

    Announcement: The 2018 Ronald C. Davidson Award for Plasma Physics
    journal, May 2019

    Three-dimensional simulations of low foot and high foot implosion experiments on the National Ignition Facility
    journal, March 2016

    • Clark, D. S.; Weber, C. R.; Milovich, J. L.
    • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 5
    • DOI: 10.1063/1.4943527

    Performance of beryllium targets with full-scale capsules in low-fill 6.72-mm hohlraums on the National Ignition Facility
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    • Simakov, A. N.; Wilson, D. C.; Yi, S. A.
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    Using time-resolved penumbral imaging to measure low hot spot x-ray emission signals from capsule implosions at the National Ignition Facility
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    • Bishel, D. T.; Bachmann, B.; Yi, A.
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    • DOI: 10.1063/1.5037073

    Implosion shape control of high-velocity, large case-to-capsule ratio beryllium ablators at the National Ignition Facility
    journal, July 2018

    • Loomis, E. N.; Yi, S. A.; Kyrala, G. A.
    • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 7
    • DOI: 10.1063/1.5040995

    Beryllium capsule implosions at a case-to-capsule ratio of 3.7 on the National Ignition Facility
    journal, October 2018

    • Zylstra, A. B.; Yi, S. A.; MacLaren, S.
    • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 10
    • DOI: 10.1063/1.5041285

    Probing the seeding of hydrodynamic instabilities from nonuniformities in ablator materials using 2D velocimetry
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    • Ali, S. J.; Celliers, P. M.; Haan, S.
    • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 9
    • DOI: 10.1063/1.5047943

    Modeling and projecting implosion performance for the National Ignition Facility
    journal, December 2018

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