Global prevalence and distribution of genes and microorganisms involved in mercury methylation
Abstract
Mercury methylation produces the neurotoxic, highly bioaccumulative methylmercury (MeHg). Recent identification of the methylation genes (hgcAB) provides the foundation for broadly evaluating microbial Hg-methylation potential in nature without making explicit rate measurements. We first queried hgcAB diversity and distribution in all available microbial metagenomes, encompassing most environments. The genes were found in nearly all anaerobic, but not in aerobic, environments including oxygenated layers of the open ocean. Critically, hgcAB was effectively absent in ~1500 human microbiomes, suggesting a low risk of endogenous MeHg production. New potential methylation habitats were identified, including invertebrate guts, thawing permafrost, coastal dead zones, soils, sediments, and extreme environments, suggesting multiple routes for MeHg entry into food webs. Several new taxonomic groups potentially capable of Hg-methylation emerged, including lineages having no cultured representatives. We then begin to address long-standing evolutionary questions about Hg-methylation and ancient carbon fixation mechanisms while generating a new global view of Hg-methylation potential.
- Authors:
-
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD (United States)
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Texas A&M Univ., Overton, TX (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1224165
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Science Advances
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 1; Journal Issue: 9; Journal ID: ISSN 2375-2548
- Publisher:
- AAAS
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; mercury; mercury SFA; methylmercury; Hg; MeHg
Citation Formats
Podar, Mircea, Gilmour, C. C., Brandt, Craig C., Soren, Allyson, Brown, Steven D., Crable, Bryan R., Palumbo, Anthony Vito, Somenahally, Anil C., and Elias, Dwayne A. Global prevalence and distribution of genes and microorganisms involved in mercury methylation. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500675.
Podar, Mircea, Gilmour, C. C., Brandt, Craig C., Soren, Allyson, Brown, Steven D., Crable, Bryan R., Palumbo, Anthony Vito, Somenahally, Anil C., & Elias, Dwayne A. Global prevalence and distribution of genes and microorganisms involved in mercury methylation. United States. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1500675
Podar, Mircea, Gilmour, C. C., Brandt, Craig C., Soren, Allyson, Brown, Steven D., Crable, Bryan R., Palumbo, Anthony Vito, Somenahally, Anil C., and Elias, Dwayne A. Fri .
"Global prevalence and distribution of genes and microorganisms involved in mercury methylation". United States. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1500675. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1224165.
@article{osti_1224165,
title = {Global prevalence and distribution of genes and microorganisms involved in mercury methylation},
author = {Podar, Mircea and Gilmour, C. C. and Brandt, Craig C. and Soren, Allyson and Brown, Steven D. and Crable, Bryan R. and Palumbo, Anthony Vito and Somenahally, Anil C. and Elias, Dwayne A.},
abstractNote = {Mercury methylation produces the neurotoxic, highly bioaccumulative methylmercury (MeHg). Recent identification of the methylation genes (hgcAB) provides the foundation for broadly evaluating microbial Hg-methylation potential in nature without making explicit rate measurements. We first queried hgcAB diversity and distribution in all available microbial metagenomes, encompassing most environments. The genes were found in nearly all anaerobic, but not in aerobic, environments including oxygenated layers of the open ocean. Critically, hgcAB was effectively absent in ~1500 human microbiomes, suggesting a low risk of endogenous MeHg production. New potential methylation habitats were identified, including invertebrate guts, thawing permafrost, coastal dead zones, soils, sediments, and extreme environments, suggesting multiple routes for MeHg entry into food webs. Several new taxonomic groups potentially capable of Hg-methylation emerged, including lineages having no cultured representatives. We then begin to address long-standing evolutionary questions about Hg-methylation and ancient carbon fixation mechanisms while generating a new global view of Hg-methylation potential.},
doi = {10.1126/sciadv.1500675},
journal = {Science Advances},
number = 9,
volume = 1,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Oct 09 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Fri Oct 09 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}
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The effects of climate, habitat, and trophic position on methylmercury bioavailability for breeding New York songbirds
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Total and methylmercury concentrations in ground and surface waters in natural and restored freshwater wetlands in northern New York
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Total and methyl-mercury seasonal particulate fluxes in the water column of a large lake (Lake Geneva, Switzerland)
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A review of global environmental mercury processes in response to human and natural perturbations: Changes of emissions, climate, and land use
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Challenges and opportunities for managing aquatic mercury pollution in altered landscapes
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Response of mercury in an Adirondack (NY, USA) forest stream to watershed lime application
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Semi-quantitative design of black phosphorous field-effect transistor sensors for heavy metal ion detection in aqueous media
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Precipitated silica agglomerates reinforced with cellulose nanofibrils as adsorbents for heavy metals
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Robust Mercury Methylation across Diverse Methanogenic Archaea
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Recent advances in the study of mercury methylation in aquatic systems
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Dynamic mercury methylation and demethylation in oligotrophic marine water
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Bacterial periphytic communities related to mercury methylation within aquatic plant roots from a temperate freshwater lake (South-Western France)
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Geobacteraceae are important members of mercury-methylating microbial communities of sediments impacted by waste water releases
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A review of global environmental mercury processes in response to human and natural perturbations: Changes of emissions, climate, and land use
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Methanogens and Iron-Reducing Bacteria: the Overlooked Members of Mercury-Methylating Microbial Communities in Boreal Lakes
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A review of global environmental mercury processes in response to human and natural perturbations: Changes of emissions, climate, and land use
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Challenges and opportunities for managing aquatic mercury pollution in altered landscapes
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Quantification of Mercury Bioavailability for Methylation Using Diffusive Gradient in Thin-Film Samplers
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Rice life cycle-based global mercury biotransport and human methylmercury exposure
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Methylmercury uptake and degradation by methanotrophs
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Robust Mercury Methylation across Diverse Methanogenic Archaea
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New Insights into the Ecology and Physiology of Methanomassiliicoccales from Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments
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