Baleen whales host a unique gut microbiome with similarities to both carnivores and herbivores
Abstract
Mammals host gut microbiomes of immense physiological consequence, but the determinants of diversity in these communities remain poorly understood. Diet appears to be the dominant factor, but host phylogeny also seems to be an important, if unpredictable, correlate. Here we show that baleen whales, which prey on animals (fish and crustaceans), harbor unique gut microbiomes with surprising parallels in functional capacity and higher level taxonomy to those of terrestrial herbivores. These similarities likely reflect a shared role for fermentative metabolisms despite a shift in primary carbon sources from plant-derived to animal-derived polysaccharides, such as chitin. In contrast, protein catabolism and essential amino acid synthesis pathways in baleen whale microbiomes more closely resemble those of terrestrial carnivores. Our results demonstrate that functional attributes of the microbiome can vary independently even given an animal-derived diet, illustrating how diet and evolutionary history combine to shape microbial diversity in the mammalian gut.
- Authors:
-
[1];
- Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States)
- Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
- Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States); Univ. of Vermont, Burlington, VT (United States)
- Bigelow Lab. for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, ME (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1218871
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-06CH11357
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nature Communications
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; Biological sciences; ecology; evolution; microbiology
Citation Formats
Sanders, Jon G., Beichman, Annabel C., Roman, Joe, Scott, Jarrod J., Emerson, David, McCarthy, James J., and Girguis, Peter R. Baleen whales host a unique gut microbiome with similarities to both carnivores and herbivores. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.1038/ncomms9285.
Sanders, Jon G., Beichman, Annabel C., Roman, Joe, Scott, Jarrod J., Emerson, David, McCarthy, James J., & Girguis, Peter R. Baleen whales host a unique gut microbiome with similarities to both carnivores and herbivores. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9285
Sanders, Jon G., Beichman, Annabel C., Roman, Joe, Scott, Jarrod J., Emerson, David, McCarthy, James J., and Girguis, Peter R. Tue .
"Baleen whales host a unique gut microbiome with similarities to both carnivores and herbivores". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9285. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1218871.
@article{osti_1218871,
title = {Baleen whales host a unique gut microbiome with similarities to both carnivores and herbivores},
author = {Sanders, Jon G. and Beichman, Annabel C. and Roman, Joe and Scott, Jarrod J. and Emerson, David and McCarthy, James J. and Girguis, Peter R.},
abstractNote = {Mammals host gut microbiomes of immense physiological consequence, but the determinants of diversity in these communities remain poorly understood. Diet appears to be the dominant factor, but host phylogeny also seems to be an important, if unpredictable, correlate. Here we show that baleen whales, which prey on animals (fish and crustaceans), harbor unique gut microbiomes with surprising parallels in functional capacity and higher level taxonomy to those of terrestrial herbivores. These similarities likely reflect a shared role for fermentative metabolisms despite a shift in primary carbon sources from plant-derived to animal-derived polysaccharides, such as chitin. In contrast, protein catabolism and essential amino acid synthesis pathways in baleen whale microbiomes more closely resemble those of terrestrial carnivores. Our results demonstrate that functional attributes of the microbiome can vary independently even given an animal-derived diet, illustrating how diet and evolutionary history combine to shape microbial diversity in the mammalian gut.},
doi = {10.1038/ncomms9285},
journal = {Nature Communications},
number = ,
volume = 6,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Sep 22 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Tue Sep 22 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}
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