X-ray power and yield measurements at the refurbished Z machine

Jones, M. C.; Ampleford, D. J.; Cuneo, M. E.; Hohlfelder, R.; Jennings, C. A.; Johnson, D. W.; Jones, B.; Lopez, M. R.; MacArthur, J.; Mills, J. A.; Preston, T.; Rochau, G. A.; Savage, M.; Spencer, D.; Sinars, D. B.; Porter, J. L.

doi:10.1063/1.4891316

Title: X-ray power and yield measurements at the refurbished Z machine

Journal Article · Mon Aug 04 04:00:00 UTC 2014 · Review of Scientific Instruments

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4891316 · OSTI ID:1145734

Jones, M. C. ^[1]; Ampleford, D. J. ^[1]; Cuneo, M. E. ^[1]; Hohlfelder, R. ^[1]; Jennings, C. A. ^[1]; Johnson, D. W. ^[1]; Jones, B. ^[1]; Lopez, M. R. ^[1]; MacArthur, J. ^[1]; Mills, J. A. ^[1]; Preston, T. ^[1]; Rochau, G. A. ^[1]; Savage, M. ^[1]; Spencer, D. ^[1]; Sinars, D. B. ^[1]; Porter, J. L. ^[1]

Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Advancements have been made in the diagnostic techniques to measure accurately the total radiated x-ray yield and power from z-pinch loads at the Z Machine with high accuracy. The Z-accelerator is capable of outputting 2MJ and 330 TW of x-ray yield and power, and accurately measuring these quantities is imperative. We will describe work over the past several years which include the development of new diagnostics, improvements to existing diagnostics, and implementation of automated data analysis routines. A set of experiments were conducted on the Z machine where the load and machine configuration were held constant. During this shot series, it was observed that total z-pinch x-ray emission power determined from the two common techniques for inferring the x-ray power, Kimfol filtered x-ray diode diagnostic and the Total Power and Energy diagnostic gave 450 TW and 327 TW respectively. Our analysis shows the latter to be the more accurate interpretation. More broadly, the comparison demonstrates the necessity to consider spectral response and field of view when inferring xray powers from z-pinch sources.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000

OSTI ID:: 1145734

Report Number(s):: SAND2014--4261J; 518375

Journal Information:: Review of Scientific Instruments, Journal Name: Review of Scientific Instruments Journal Issue: 8 Vol. 85; ISSN 0034-6748; ISSN RSINAK

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (30)

K-shell radiation physics in low- to moderate-atomic-number z-pinch plasmas on the Z accelerator Jones, B.; Deeney, C.; Coverdale, C. A. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol. 99, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2005.05.027	journal	May 2006
Fast, large‐signal, free‐standing foil bolometer for measuring ultrasoft x‐ray burst fluence Degnan, James H. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 50, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1135690	journal	October 1979
Photoconducting x‐ray detectors for Z ‐pinch experiments Spielman, R. B.; Hsing, W. W.; Hanson, D. L. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 59, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1140118	journal	August 1988
A five‐channel, diamond photoconducting x‐ray detector array for z‐pinch experiments Spielman, Rick B. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 63, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1143490	journal	October 1992
Filtered x-ray diode diagnostics fielded on the Z accelerator for source power measurements Chandler, G. A.; Deeney, C.; Cuneo, M. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 70, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1149355	journal	January 1999
Fast resistive bolometry Spielman, R. B.; Deeney, C.; Fehl, D. L. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 70, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1149488	journal	January 1999
Measurement of the efficiency of gold transmission gratings in the 100 to 5000 eV photon energy range Ruggles, L. E.; Cuneo, M. E.; Porter, J. L. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 72, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1324748	journal	January 2001
Dynamics and characteristics of a 215-eV dynamic-hohlraum x-ray source on Z Sanford, T. W. L.; Lemke, R. W.; Mock, R. C. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 9, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1489676	journal	August 2002
Current scaling of radiated power for 40-mm diameter single wire arrays on Z Nash, T. J.; Cuneo, M. E.; Spielman, R. B. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 11, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1804182	journal	November 2004
Pulsed-power-driven high energy density physics and inertial confinement fusion research Matzen, M. Keith; Sweeney, M. A.; Adams, R. G. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 12, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1891746	journal	May 2005
X-ray flux from filtered arrays of detectors without unfolding Fehl, D. L.; Stygar, W. A.; Chandler, G. A. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 76, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2090468	journal	October 2005
Diagnosed internal temperatures and shock evolution provide insight on dynamic- Hohlraum’s axial radiation production and asymmetry Sanford, T. W. L.; Nash, T. J.; Mock, R. C. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 13, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2148911	journal	January 2006
Dynamic hohlraum radiation hydrodynamics Bailey, J. E.; Chandler, G. A.; Mancini, R. C. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 13, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2177640	journal	May 2006
Implosion dynamics and K-shell x-ray generation in large diameter stainless steel wire array Z pinches with various nesting configurations Jones, Brent; Coverdale, Christine A.; Deeney, Christopher Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 15, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3049909	journal	December 2008
Wire number dependence of the implosion dynamics, stagnation, and radiation output of tungsten wire arrays at Z driver Mazarakis, Michael G.; Deeney, Christopher E.; Stygar, William A. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 18, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3657421	journal	November 2011
K-shell emission trends from 60 to 130 cm/ μ s stainless steel implosions Ampleford, D. J.; Jennings, C. A.; Jones, B. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4823711	journal	October 2013
Opacity and gradients in aluminum wire array z-pinch implosions on the Z pulsed power facility Ampleford, D. J.; Hansen, S. B.; Jennings, C. A. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4865224	journal	March 2014
ZAPP: The Z Astrophysical Plasma Properties collaboration Rochau, G. A.; Bailey, J. E.; Falcon, R. E. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4875330	journal	May 2014
Tungsten wire-array Z-pinch experiments at 200 TW and 2 MJ Spielman, R. B.; Deeney, C.; Chandler, G. A. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 5, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.872881	journal	May 1998
Titanium K-shell x-ray production from high velocity wire array implosions on the 20-MA Z accelerator Deeney, C.; Coverdale, C. A.; Douglas, M. R. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 6, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.873461	journal	May 1999
X-ray emission from z pinches at 10 7 A: Current scaling, gap closure, and shot-to-shot fluctuations Stygar, W. A.; Ives, H. C.; Fehl, D. L. Physical Review E, Vol. 69, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.69.046403	journal	April 2004
Characteristics and scaling of tungsten-wire-array z -pinch implosion dynamics at 20 MA Cuneo, M. E.; Waisman, E. M.; Lebedev, S. V. Physical Review E, Vol. 71, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.71.046406	journal	April 2005
Radiation Energetics of ICF-Relevant Wire-Array Z Pinches Sinars, D. B.; Lemke, R. W.; Cuneo, M. E. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 100, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.145002	journal	April 2008
Optimal Wire-Number Range for High X-Ray Power in Long-Implosion-Time Aluminum Z Pinches Coverdale, C. A.; Deeney, C.; Douglas, M. R. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 88, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.065001	journal	January 2002
Double Z -Pinch Hohlraum Drive with Excellent Temperature Balance for Symmetric Inertial Confinement Fusion Capsule Implosions Cuneo, M. E.; Vesey, R. A.; Porter, J. L. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 88, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.215004	journal	May 2002
Demonstration of Radiation Pulse Shaping with Nested-Tungsten-Wire-Array Z Pinches for High-Yield Inertial Confinement Fusion Cuneo, M. E.; Vesey, R. A.; Sinars, D. B. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 95, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.185001	journal	October 2005
Characterization and error analysis of an N × N unfolding procedure applied to filtered, photoelectric x-ray detector arrays. I. Formulation and testing Fehl, D. L.; Chandler, G. A.; Stygar, W. A. Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 13, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.13.120402	journal	December 2010
Measurement of the energy and power radiated by a pulsed blackbody x-ray source Ives, H. C.; Stygar, W. A.; Fehl, D. L. Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 9, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.9.110401	journal	November 2006
Demonstrated sub-nanosecond timing of waveform data in the distributed data acquisition at the Z facility Mills, J. A.; Slopek, J.; Dinwoodie, T. ICOPS 2000. IEEE Conference Record - Abstracts. 27th IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (Cat. No.00CH37087) https://doi.org/10.1109/PLASMA.2000.854906	conference	January 2000
The Refurbished Z Facility: Capabilities and Recent Experiments Matzen, M. K.; Atherton, B. W.; Cuneo, M. E. Acta Physica Polonica A, Vol. 115, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.12693/APhysPolA.115.956	journal	June 2009

Cited By (9)

Demonstration of thermonuclear conditions in magnetized liner inertial fusion experimentsa) Gomez, M. R.; Slutz, S. A.; Sefkow, A. B. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4919394	journal	May 2015
Vaporization energy and expansion velocity of electrically exploding aluminum and copper fine wires in vacuum Hamilton, A.; Sotnikov, V. I.; Sarkisov, G. S. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 124, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5025831	journal	September 2018
Dynamical analysis of surface-insulated planar wire array Z-pinches Li, Yang; Sheng, Liang; Hei, Dongwei Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5028218	journal	May 2018
A Wolter imager on the Z machine to diagnose warm x-ray sources Fein, J. R.; Ampleford, D. J.; Vogel, J. K. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5038347	journal	October 2018
Enhancing performance of magnetized liner inertial fusion at the Z facility Slutz, S. A.; Gomez, M. R.; Hansen, S. B. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5054317	journal	November 2018
Study of interaction between plasma flows and the magnetic field at the implosion of nested wire arrays Aleksandrov, V. V.; Branitski, A. V.; Gasilov, V. A. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 61, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/aaf610	journal	January 2019
Experimental Demonstration of Fusion-Relevant Conditions in Magnetized Liner Inertial Fusion Gomez, M. R.; Slutz, S. A.; Sefkow, A. B. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.113.155003	journal	October 2014
Conceptual designs of two petawatt-class pulsed-power accelerators for high-energy-density-physics experiments Stygar, W. A.; Awe, T. J.; Bailey, J. E. Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 18, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevstab.18.110401	journal	November 2015
H β and H γ Absorption-line Profile Inconsistencies in Laboratory Experiments Performed at White Dwarf Photosphere Conditions Schaeuble, M. -A.; Nagayama, T.; Bailey, J. E. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 885, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab479d	journal	November 2019

Similar Records

X-ray power and yield measurements at the refurbished Z machine

Journal Article · Fri Aug 15 04:00:00 UTC 2014 · Review of Scientific Instruments · OSTI ID:22314655

Ampleford, D. J.; Cuneo, M. E.; Hohlfelder, R.; +12 more

Total x-ray power improvement on recent wire array experiments on the Z machine.

Conference · Mon Nov 01 04:00:00 UTC 2010 · OSTI ID:1031317

Jennings, Christopher A; Ampleford, David J; Cuneo, Michael Edward; +5 more

PBFA Z: A 60-TW/5-MJ Z-pinch driver

Journal Article · Mon May 05 04:00:00 UTC 1997 · AIP Conference Proceedings · OSTI ID:21172290

Spielman, R B; Deeney, C; Chandler, G A; +17 more

Related Subjects

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS

Title: X-ray power and yield measurements at the refurbished Z machine

Citation Formats

References (30)

Cited By (9)

Similar Records

Related Subjects