Low-bandgap, monolithic, multi-bandgap, optoelectronic devices

Title: Low-bandgap, monolithic, multi-bandgap, optoelectronic devices

Low bandgap, monolithic, multi-bandgap, optoelectronic devices (10), including PV converters, photodetectors, and LED's, have lattice-matched (LM), double-heterostructure (DH), low-bandgap GaInAs(P) subcells (22, 24) including those that are lattice-mismatched (LMM) to InP, grown on an InP substrate (26) by use of at least one graded lattice constant transition layer (20) of InAsP positioned somewhere between the InP substrate (26) and the LMM subcell(s) (22, 24). These devices are monofacial (10) or bifacial (80) and include monolithic, integrated, modules (MIMs) (190) with a plurality of voltage-matched subcell circuits (262, 264, 266, 270, 272) as well as other variations and embodiments.

Inventors:: Wanlass, Mark W.; Carapella, Jeffrey J.

Issue Date:: 2016-03-22

OSTI Identifier:: 1243315

Assignee:: Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC (Golden, CO) NREL

Patent Number(s):: 9,293,615

Application Number:: 14/855,776

Contract Number:: AC36-99GO10337

Resource Relation:: Patent File Date: 2015 Sep 16

Research Org:: National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Org:: USDOE

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION; 32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION; 71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS

Full Text
View Full Text

Other works cited in this record:

Antireflection coating design for series interconnected multi-junction solar cells
journal, January 2000

Aiken, Daniel J.
Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, Vol. 8, Issue 6, p. 563-570
DOI: 10.1002/1099-159X(200011/12)8:6<563::AID-PIP327>3.0.CO;2-8

High performance anti-reflection coatings for broadband multi-junction solar cells
journal, November 2000

Aiken, Daniel
Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol. 64, Issue 4, p. 393-404
DOI: 10.1016/S0927-0248(00)00253-1

Computer modeling of a two-junction, monolithic cascade solar cell
journal, January 1980

Lamorte, M.F.; Abbott, D.H.
IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, Vol. 27, Issue 1, p. 231-249
DOI: 10.1109/T-ED.1980.19845

A Rigorous Analysis of Series-Connected, Multi-Bandgap, Tandem Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) Energy Converters
conference, January 2004

Wanlass, M. W.; Albin, D.
DOI: 10.1063/1.1841925

Lattice-mismatched approaches for high-performance, III-V photovoltaic energy converters
conference, January 2005

Wanlass, M.W.; Ahrenkiel, S.P.; Ahrenkiel, R.K.
DOI: 10.1109/PVSC.2005.1488186

Extreme selectivity in the lift‐off of epitaxial GaAs films
journal, December 1987

Yablonovitch, Eli; Gmitter, T.; Harbison, J. P.
Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 51, Issue 26, p. 2222-2224
DOI: 10.1063/1.98946

Wafer bonding and layer transfer processes for 4-junction high efficiency solar cells
conference, January 2002

Zahler, J.M.; Fontcuberta i Morral, A.; Ahn, Chang-Geun
DOI: 10.1109/PVSC.2002.1190783

Progress in the development of metamorphic multi-junction III-V space solar cells
journal, August 2002

Sinharoy, Samar; Patton, Martin O.; Valko, Thomas M.
Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, Vol. 10, Issue 6, p. 427-432
DOI: 10.1002/pip.449

Electrochemical performance of α-Fe₂O₃ nanorods as anode material for lithium-ion cells
journal, February 2009

Liu, Hao; Wang, Guoxiu; Park, Jinsoo
Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 54, Issue 6, p. 1733-1736
DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.09.071

Apparatus and method for pulse tracker ranging equipment with increased resolution
patent, August 1975

Bock, Joseph; Dunham, William
US Patent Document 3,900,868
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/3900868

Thin film photovoltaic converter and method of preparing same
patent, July 1980

Felsher, Hal; Pollak, Fred; Bradley, Arthur
US Patent Document 4,214,916
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/4214916

Multilayer photovoltaic solar cell with semiconductor layer at shorting junction interface
patent, March 1981

Fraas, Lewis
US Patent Document 4,255,211
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/4255211

Device for conversion of electromagnetic radiation into electrical current
patent, July 1981

Blakeslee, A.; Mitchell, Kim
US Patent Document 4,278,474
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/4278474

Stacked multijunction photovoltaic converters
July 1982

Antypas, George; Bell, Ronald; Moon, Ronald
US Patent Document 4,338,480
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/4338480

Junctions for monolithic cascade solar cells and methods
patent, November 1989

Lewis, Carol
US Patent Document 4,881,979
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/4881979

Method of making an epitaxial gallium arsenide semiconductor wafer using a strained layer superlattice
patent, October 1990

Umeno, Masayoshi; Sakai, Shiro; Yahagi, Shinichiro
US Patent Document 4,963,508
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/4963508

Substrate structures for InP-based devices
patent, October 1990

Wanlass, Mark; Sheldon, Peter
US Patent Document 4,963,949
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/4963949

Monolithic tandem solar cell
patent, May 1991

Wanlass, Mark
US Patent Document 5,019,177
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/5019177

Bilevel contact solar cells
patent, October 1991

Sinton, Ronald
US Patent Document 5,053,083
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/5053083

Epitaxial growth method
patent, February 1993

Cook, Louis; Camras, Michael
US Patent Document 5,185,288
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/5185288

Monolithic voltage-matched tandem photovoltaic cell and method for making same
patent, November 1993

Stanbery, Billy
US Patent Document 5,261,969
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/5261969

Monolithic tandem solar cell
patent, June 1994

Wanlass, Mark
US Patent Document 5,322,572
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/5322572

Single-junction solar cells with the optimum band gap for terrestrial concentrator applications
patent, December 1994

Wanlass, Mark
US Patent Document 5,376,185
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/5376185

Tandem solar cell with improved tunnel junction
patent, April 1995

Freundlich, Alexandre; Vilela, Mauro; Bensaoula, Abdelhak
US Patent Document 5,407,491
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/5407491

Multiwavelength infrared focal plane array detector
patent, December 1995

Forrest, Stephen; Olsen, Gregory; Kim, Dong-Su
US Patent Document 5,479,032
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/5479032

Hydrogen passivated heteroepitaxial III-V photovoltaic devices grown on lattice-mismatched substrates, and process
patent, November 1996

Ringel, Steven; Hoffman, Jr., Richard; Chatterjee, Basab
US Patent Document 5,571,339
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/5571339

Monolithically integrated solar cell microarray and fabrication method
patent, February 1998

Chang, Kou-I; Lillington, David
US Patent Document 5,716,459
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/5716459

High efficiency multi-junction solar cells
patent, December 1998

Lillington, David; Joslin, David
US Patent Document 5,853,497
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/5853497

Energy-band-matched infrared emitter for use with low bandgap thermophotovoltaic cells
patent, February 1999

Ferguson, Lucian; Fraas, Lewis
US Patent Document 5,865,906
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/5865906

High-efficiency solar cell and method for fabrication
patent, August 1999

Hou, Hong; Reinhardt, Kitt
US Patent Document 5,944,913
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/5944913

Dot-junction photovoltaic cells using high-absorption semiconductors
patent, March 2000

Jenkins, Phillip
US Patent Document 6,034,321
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6034321

Semiconductor thin film, method for manufacturing the same, and solar cell using the same
patent, August 2000

Hashimoto, Yasuhiro; Negami, Takayuki; Hayashi, Shigeo
US Patent Document 6,107,562
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6107562

Quantum well thermophotovoltaic energy converter
patent, November 2000

Freundlich, Alex; Ignatiev, Alex
US Patent Document 6,150,604
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6150604

Dispersants and dispersant viscosity index improvers from selectively hydrogenated polymers: free radically initiated direct grafting reaction products
patent, December 2000

Coolbaugh, Thomas; Loveless, Frederick; Marlin, II, John
US Patent Document 6,162,768
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6162768

Monolithic interconnected module with a tunnel junction for enhanced electrical and optical performance
patent, December 2000

Murray, Christopher; Wilt, David
US Patent Document 6,162,987
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6162987

Fabrication of single absorber layer radiated energy conversion device
patent, January 2001

Freeouf, John
US Patent Document 6,180,432
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6180432

Compact man-portable thermophotovoltaic battery charger
patent, April 2001

Mulligan, William; Samaras, John; Fraas, Lewis
US Patent Document 6,218,607
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6218607

Electrical isolation of component cells in monolithically interconnected modules
patent, May 2001

Wanlass, Mark
US Patent Document 6,239,354
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6239354

InGaAsN/GaAs heterojunction for multi-junction solar cells
patent, June 2001

Kurtz, Steven; Allerman, Andrew; Klem, John
US Patent Document 6,252,287
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6252287

Bilayer passivation structure for photovoltaic cells
patent, July 2001

Karam, Nasser; Ermer, James; King, Richard
US Patent Document 6,255,580
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6255580

High voltage photovoltaic power converter
patent, July 2001

Haigh, Ronald; Wojtczuk, Steve; Jacobson, Gerard
US Patent Document 6,265,653
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6265653

Multi-junction, monolithic solar cell using low-band-gap materials lattice matched to GaAs or Ge
patent, August 2001

Olson, Jerry; Kurtz, Sarah; Friedman, Daniel
US Patent Document 6,281,426
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6281426

Low-bandgap double-heterostructure InAsP/GaInAs photovoltaic converters
patent, October 2001

Wanlass, Mark
US Patent Document 6,300,557
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6300557

Lattice matched solar cell and method for manufacturing the same
patent, October 2001

Takamoto, Tatsuya; Kurita, Hiroshi; Agui, Takaaki
US Patent Document 6,300,558
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6300558

Multijunction photovoltaic cell with thin 1st (top) subcell and thick 2nd subcell of same or similar semiconductor material
patent, November 2001

King, Richard; Joslin, David; Karam, Nasser
US Patent Document 6,316,715
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6316715

Multijunction photovoltaic cells and panels using a silicon or silicon-germanium active substrate cell for space and terrestrial applications
patent, January 2002

King, Richard; Karam, Nasser; Haddad, Moran
US Patent Document 6,340,788
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6340788

Light emitting diode of improved current blocking and light extraction structure
patent, July 2002

Kung, Hsing; Devito, Mark; Tu, Chin-Wang
US Patent Document 6,420,732
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6420732

Using a critical composition grading technique to deposit InGaAs epitaxial layers on InP substrates
patent, November 2002

Hoffman, Richard; Wilt, David
US Patent Document 6,482,672
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6482672

Multi-junction photovoltaic cell
patent, December 2003

Patton, Martin; Sinharoy, Samar; Weizer, Victor
US Patent Document 6,660,928
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6660928

Apparatus and method for optimizing the efficiency of a bypass diode in multijunction solar cells
patent, January 2004

Sharps, Paul; Clevenger, Marvin; Stan, Mark
US Patent Document 6,680,432
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6680432

Silicon solar cell with germanium backside solar cell
patent, June 2004

Wada, Kazumi; Kimerling, Lionel
US Patent Document 6,743,974
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6743974

Isoelectronic co-doping
patent, November 2004

Mascarenhas, Angelo
US Patent Document 6,815,736
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6815736

AlGaAs or InGaP low turn-on voltage GaAs-based heterojunction bipolar transistor
patent, July 2005

Pan, Noren; Han, Byung-Kwon
US Patent Document 6,917,061
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6917061

High efficiency, monolithic multijunction solar cells containing lattice-mismatched materials and methods of forming same
patent, October 2005

Iles, Peter; Ho, Frank; Yeh, Yea-Chuan
US Patent Document 6,951,819
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/6951819

Voltage-matched, monolithic, multi-band-gap devices
patent, August 2006

Wanlass, Mark; Mascarenhas, Angelo
US Patent Document 7,095,050
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/7095050

Multi-junction solar cell device
patent, December 2007

Friedman, Daniel; Geisz, John
US Patent Document 7,309,832
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/7309832

Compound solar battery and manufacturing method thereof
patent, February 2009

Takamoto, Tatsuya; Agui, Takaaki
US Patent Document 7,488,890
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/7488890

Light-emitting diode and method for manufacturing the same
patent, March 2010

Shei, Shih-Chang; Hon, Schang-Jing; Wei, Shih-Chen
US Patent Document 7,675,077
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/7675077

High-efficiency, monolithic, multi-bandgap, tandem photovoltaic energy converters
patent, November 2011

Wanlass, Mark
US Patent Document 8,067,687
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/8067687

Monolithic, multi-bandgap, tandem, ultra-thin, strain-counterbalanced, photovoltaic energy converters with optimal subcell bandgaps
patent, May 2012

Wanlass, Mark; Mascarenhas, Angelo
US Patent Document 8,173,891
URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/8173891

Similar records in DOepatents and OSTI.GOV collections:

Low-bandgap, monolithic, multi-bandgap, optoelectronic devices

Patent Wanlass, Mark W. ; Carapella, Jeffrey J.

Low bandgap, monolithic, multi-bandgap, optoelectronic devices (10), including PV converters, photodetectors, and LED's, have lattice-matched (LM), double-heterostructure (DH), low-bandgap GaInAs(P) subcells (22, 24) including those that are lattice-mismatched (LMM) to InP, grown on an InP substrate (26) by use of at least one graded lattice constant transition layer (20) of InAsP positioned somewhere between the InP substrate (26) and the LMM subcell(s) (22, 24). These devices are monofacial (10) or bifacial (80) and include monolithic, integrated, modules (MIMs) (190) with a plurality of voltage-matched subcell circuits (262, 264, 266, 270, 272) as well as other variations and embodiments.
Full Text Available July 2014
Low-bandgap, monolithic, multi-bandgap, optoelectronic devices

Patent Wanlass, Mark W. ; Carapella, Jeffrey J.

Low bandgap, monolithic, multi-bandgap, optoelectronic devices (10), including PV converters, photodetectors, and LED's, have lattice-matched (LM), double-heterostructure (DH), low-bandgap GaInAs(P) subcells (22, 24) including those that are lattice-mismatched (LMM) to InP, grown on an InP substrate (26) by use of at least one graded lattice constant transition layer (20) of InAsP positioned somewhere between the InP substrate (26) and the LMM subcell(s) (22, 24). These devices are monofacial (10) or bifacial (80) and include monolithic, integrated, modules (MIMs) (190) with a plurality of voltage-matched subcell circuits (262, 264, 266, 270, 272) as well as other variations and embodiments.
Full Text Available January 2016
High-efficiency, monolithic, multi-bandgap, tandem photovoltaic energy converters

Patent Wanlass, Mark W

A monolithic, multi-bandgap, tandem solar photovoltaic converter has at least one, and preferably at least two, subcells grown lattice-matched on a substrate with a bandgap in medium to high energy portions of the solar spectrum and at least one subcell grown lattice-mismatched to the substrate with a bandgap in the low energy portion of the solar spectrum, for example, about 1 eV.
Full Text Available November 2011
Monolithic, multi-bandgap, tandem, ultra-thin, strain-counterbalanced, photovoltaic energy converters with optimal subcell bandgaps

Patent Wanlass, Mark W ; Mascarenhas, Angelo

Modeling a monolithic, multi-bandgap, tandem, solar photovoltaic converter or thermophotovoltaic converter by constraining the bandgap value for the bottom subcell to no less than a particular value produces an optimum combination of subcell bandgaps that provide theoretical energy conversion efficiencies nearly as good as unconstrained maximum theoretical conversion efficiency models, but which are more conducive to actual fabrication to achieve such conversion efficiencies than unconstrained model optimum bandgap combinations. Achieving such constrained or unconstrained optimum bandgap combinations includes growth of a graded layer transition from larger lattice constant on the parent substrate to a smaller lattice constant to accommodate highermore »« less
Full Text Available May 2012
High-efficiency, monolithic, multi-bandgap, tandem, photovoltaic energy converters

Patent Wanlass, Mark W

A monolithic, multi-bandgap, tandem solar photovoltaic converter has at least one, and preferably at least two, subcells grown lattice-matched on a substrate with a bandgap in medium to high energy portions of the solar spectrum and at least one subcell grown lattice-mismatched to the substrate with a bandgap in the low energy portion of the solar spectrum, for example, about 1 eV.
Full Text Available May 2014