High efficiency and brightness fluorescent organic light emitting diode by triplet-triplet fusion

Forrest, Stephen; Zhang, Yifan

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Title: High efficiency and brightness fluorescent organic light emitting diode by triplet-triplet fusion

Abstract

A first device is provided. The first device further comprises an organic light emitting device. The organic light emitting device further comprises an anode, a cathode, and an emissive layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The emissive layer may include an organic host compound and at least one organic emitting compound capable of fluorescent emission at room temperature. Various configurations are described for providing a range of current densities in which T-T fusion dominates over S-T annihilation, leading to very high efficiency fluorescent OLEDs.

Inventors:: Forrest, Stephen; Zhang, Yifan

Issue Date:: Tue Feb 10 00:00:00 EST 2015

Research Org.:: Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1169611

Patent Number(s):: 8952362

Application Number:: 13/600,651

Assignee:: The Regents of the University of Michigan (Ann Arbor, MI)

DOE Contract Number:: SC0001013

Resource Type:: Patent

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 42 ENGINEERING

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                    Forrest, Stephen, and Zhang, Yifan. High efficiency and brightness fluorescent organic light emitting diode by triplet-triplet fusion.  United States: N. p., 2015. 
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                    Forrest, Stephen, & Zhang, Yifan. High efficiency and brightness fluorescent organic light emitting diode by triplet-triplet fusion.  United States.

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                    Forrest, Stephen, and Zhang, Yifan. Tue .  
        "High efficiency and brightness fluorescent organic light emitting diode by triplet-triplet fusion".  United States.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1169611.

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@article{osti_1169611,

  title        = {High efficiency and brightness fluorescent organic light emitting diode by triplet-triplet fusion},

  author       = {Forrest, Stephen and Zhang, Yifan},

  abstractNote = {A first device is provided. The first device further comprises an organic light emitting device. The organic light emitting device further comprises an anode, a cathode, and an emissive layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The emissive layer may include an organic host compound and at least one organic emitting compound capable of fluorescent emission at room temperature. Various configurations are described for providing a range of current densities in which T-T fusion dominates over S-T annihilation, leading to very high efficiency fluorescent OLEDs.},

  doi          = {},

  journal      = {},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Feb 10 00:00:00 EST 2015},

  month        = {Tue Feb 10 00:00:00 EST 2015}

}

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https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200400149

Phosphorescent Iridium Complexes Based on 2-Phenylimidazo[1,2- a ]pyridine Ligands: Tuning of Emission Color toward the Blue Region and Application to Polymer Light-Emitting Devices
journal, May 2007

Takizawa, Shin-ya; Nishida, Jun-ichi; Tsuzuki, Toshimitsu
Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 46, Issue 10
https://doi.org/10.1021/ic0624322

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Title: High efficiency and brightness fluorescent organic light emitting diode by triplet-triplet fusion

Abstract

Citation Formats

Electroluminescent device with modified thin film luminescent zone patent, September 1988

Electroluminescent device with organic electroluminescent medium patent, October 1991

Electroluminescent devices patent, September 1993

Transparent contacts for organic devices patent, December 1997

Multicolor organic light emitting devices patent, January 1998

High efficiency organic light emitting devices with light directing structures patent, November 1998

Vacuum deposited, non-polymeric flexible organic light emitting devices patent, December 1998

Multicolor display devices patent, January 2000

Fabrication of organic semiconductor devices using ink jet printing patent, July 2000

Displays having mesa pixel configuration patent, July 2000

Structure for high efficiency electroluminescent device patent, August 2000

Method for patterning devices patent, September 2001

OLEDs doped with phosphorescent compounds patent, October 2001

Low pressure vapor phase deposition of organic thin films patent, January 2002

Method for patterning organic thin film devices using a die patent, October 2002

Material for luminescence element and luminescence element using the same patent, March 2003

Organic light emitting materials and devices patent, February 2004

Phosphorescent compounds and devices comprising the same patent, December 2004

Metal coordination compound, luminescence device and display apparatus patent, July 2005

Organic light emitting devices having reduced pixel shrinkage patent, August 2006

Binuclear compounds patent, August 2006

Cyclometallated iridium carbene complexes for use as hosts patent, December 2006

Phosphorescent compound, a phosphorescent composition and an organic light-emitting device patent, July 2007

Complexes with tridentate ligands patent, October 2007

OLEDs utilizing multidentate ligand systems patent, February 2008

Phenyl and fluorenyl substituted phenyl-pyrazole complexes of Ir patent, March 2008

Luminescent compounds with carbene ligands patent, July 2008

Light emitting material and organic light-emitting device patent, July 2008

Process and apparatus for organic vapor jet deposition patent, October 2008

Cationic metal-carbene complexes patent, November 2008

Organometallic compounds for use in electroluminescent devices patent, May 2009

Organometallic complexes as phosphorescent emitters in organic LEDs patent-application, March 2002

Transition Metal Complex and Light-Emitting Device patent-application, September 2002

Electronic Device Comprising Organic Compound Having P-Type Semiconducting Characteristics patent-application, October 2002

Deuterated Semi-Conducting Organic Compounds Used for Opto-Electronic Devices patent-application, July 2003

Organic Light-Emitting Diodes and Methods for Assembly and Enhanced Charge Injection patent-application, August 2003

White light emitting oleds from combined monomer and aggregate emission patent-application, September 2003

Very Low Voltage, High Efficiency Phosphorescent OLED in a p-i-n Structure patent-application, December 2003

Light Emitting Element patent-application, February 2004

Organic Electroluminescent Device patent-application, July 2004

Transparent electrodes patent-application, September 2004

Materials and Structures for Enhancing the Performance of Organic Light Emitting Devices patent-application, February 2005

Organic Electroluminescent Device patent-application, May 2005

Organic Light Emitting Materials and Devices patent-application, January 2006

Stability OLED materials and devices patent-application, November 2006

Organic electroluminescent device patent-application, November 2006

Metal complexes of cyclometallated imidazo[1,2-f]phenanthridine and diimidazo[1,2-a:1',2'-c]quinazoline ligands and isoelectronic and benzannulated analogs thereof patent-application, August 2007

Organic electroluminescent device having a hole conductor as an emitting layer journal, October 1989

Nearly 100% internal phosphorescence efficiency in an organic light-emitting device journal, November 2001

High-efficiency red electrophosphorescence devices journal, March 2001

Material design of hole transport materials capable of thick-film formation in organic light emitting diodes journal, April 2007

Highly efficient phosphorescent emission from organic electroluminescent devices journal, September 1998

Very high-efficiency green organic light-emitting devices based on electrophosphorescence journal, July 1999

Bright-blue electroluminescence from a silyl-substituted ter-(phenylene–vinylene) derivative journal, February 1999

High Luminance in Organic Electroluminescent Devices with Bis(10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinolinato)beryllium as an Emitter journal, May 1993

Blue organic electrophosphorescence using exothermic host–guest energy transfer journal, April 2003

Novel high Tg hole-transport molecules based on indolo[3,2-b]carbazoles for organic light-emitting devices journal, June 2000

Highly Efficient Red-Emission Polymer Phosphorescent Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Two Novel Tris(1-phenylisoquinolinato-C2,N)iridium(III) Derivatives journal, March 2007

Highly Phosphorescent Bis-Cyclometalated Iridium Complexes Containing Benzoimidazole-Based Ligands journal, June 2004

Anode modification in organic light-emitting diodes by low-frequency plasma polymerization of CHF3 journal, January 2001

Highly efficient phosphorescence from organic light-emitting devices with an exciton-block layer journal, July 2001

P-185: Low-Drive-Voltage OLEDs with a Buffer Layer Having Molybdenum Oxide journal, January 2006

Highly efficient and stable red phosphorescent organic light-emitting device using bis[2-(2-benzothiazoyl)phenolato]zinc(II) as host material journal, March 2007

1,2,4-Triazole Derivative as an Electron Transport Layer in Organic Electroluminescent Devices journal, July 1993

Thermally stable multilared organic electroluminescent devices using novel starburst molecules, 4,4′,4″-Tri(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA) and 4,4′,4″-Tris(3-methylphenylphenylamino)triphenylamine (m-MTDATA), as hole-transport materials journal, September 1994

High operational stability of electrophosphorescent devices journal, July 2002

Synthesis and Characterization of Phosphorescent Cyclometalated Iridium Complexes journal, March 2001

Polymer phosphorescent light-emitting devices doped with tris(2-phenylpyridine) iridium as a triplet emitter journal, October 2000

Blue Phosphorescence from Iridium(III) Complexes at Room Temperature journal, October 2006

Triplet luminescent dinuclear-gold( I ) complex-based light-emitting diodes with low turn-on voltage journal, March 1999

Thermally Stable Hole-Transporting Material for Organic Light-Emitting Diode: an Isoindole Derivative journal, August 2003

Highly Efficient Electrophosphorescent Devices with Saturated Red Emission from a Neutral Osmium Complex journal, June 2005

5,5‘-Bis(dimesitylboryl)-2,2‘-bithiophene and 5,5‘‘-Bis(dimesitylboryl)-2,2‘:5‘,2‘‘-terthiophene as a Novel Family of Electron-Transporting Amorphous Molecular Materials journal, September 1998

Green fluorescent organic light-emitting device with external quantum efficiency of nearly 10% journal, August 2006

High efficiency molecular organic light-emitting diodes based on silole derivatives and their exciplexes journal, September 2003

Realizing Green Phosphorescent Light-Emitting Materials from Rhenium(I) Pyrazolato Diimine Complexes journal, February 2003

Synthesis, Characterization, and Electron-Transport Property of Perfluorinated Phenylene Dendrimers journal, March 2000

Electroluminescent device with modified thin film luminescent zone
patent, September 1988

Electroluminescent device with organic electroluminescent medium
patent, October 1991

Electroluminescent devices
patent, September 1993

Transparent contacts for organic devices
patent, December 1997

Multicolor organic light emitting devices
patent, January 1998

High efficiency organic light emitting devices with light directing structures
patent, November 1998

Vacuum deposited, non-polymeric flexible organic light emitting devices
patent, December 1998

Multicolor display devices
patent, January 2000

Fabrication of organic semiconductor devices using ink jet printing
patent, July 2000

Displays having mesa pixel configuration
patent, July 2000

Structure for high efficiency electroluminescent device
patent, August 2000

Method for patterning devices
patent, September 2001

OLEDs doped with phosphorescent compounds
patent, October 2001

Low pressure vapor phase deposition of organic thin films
patent, January 2002

Method for patterning organic thin film devices using a die
patent, October 2002

Material for luminescence element and luminescence element using the same
patent, March 2003

Organic light emitting materials and devices
patent, February 2004

Phosphorescent compounds and devices comprising the same
patent, December 2004

Metal coordination compound, luminescence device and display apparatus
patent, July 2005

Organic light emitting devices having reduced pixel shrinkage
patent, August 2006

Binuclear compounds
patent, August 2006

Cyclometallated iridium carbene complexes for use as hosts
patent, December 2006

Phosphorescent compound, a phosphorescent composition and an organic light-emitting device
patent, July 2007

Complexes with tridentate ligands
patent, October 2007

OLEDs utilizing multidentate ligand systems
patent, February 2008

Phenyl and fluorenyl substituted phenyl-pyrazole complexes of Ir
patent, March 2008

Luminescent compounds with carbene ligands
patent, July 2008

Light emitting material and organic light-emitting device
patent, July 2008

Process and apparatus for organic vapor jet deposition
patent, October 2008

Cationic metal-carbene complexes
patent, November 2008

Organometallic compounds for use in electroluminescent devices
patent, May 2009

Organometallic complexes as phosphorescent emitters in organic LEDs
patent-application, March 2002

Transition Metal Complex and Light-Emitting Device
patent-application, September 2002

Electronic Device Comprising Organic Compound Having P-Type Semiconducting Characteristics
patent-application, October 2002

Deuterated Semi-Conducting Organic Compounds Used for Opto-Electronic Devices
patent-application, July 2003

Organic Light-Emitting Diodes and Methods for Assembly and Enhanced Charge Injection
patent-application, August 2003

White light emitting oleds from combined monomer and aggregate emission
patent-application, September 2003

Very Low Voltage, High Efficiency Phosphorescent OLED in a p-i-n Structure
patent-application, December 2003

Light Emitting Element
patent-application, February 2004

Organic Electroluminescent Device
patent-application, July 2004

Transparent electrodes
patent-application, September 2004

Materials and Structures for Enhancing the Performance of Organic Light Emitting Devices
patent-application, February 2005

Organic Electroluminescent Device
patent-application, May 2005

Organic Light Emitting Materials and Devices
patent-application, January 2006

Stability OLED materials and devices
patent-application, November 2006

Organic electroluminescent device
patent-application, November 2006

Metal complexes of cyclometallated imidazo[1,2-f]phenanthridine and diimidazo[1,2-a:1',2'-c]quinazoline ligands and isoelectronic and benzannulated analogs thereof
patent-application, August 2007

Organic electroluminescent device having a hole conductor as an emitting layer
journal, October 1989

Nearly 100% internal phosphorescence efficiency in an organic light-emitting device
journal, November 2001

High-efficiency red electrophosphorescence devices
journal, March 2001

Material design of hole transport materials capable of thick-film formation in organic light emitting diodes
journal, April 2007

Highly efficient phosphorescent emission from organic electroluminescent devices
journal, September 1998

Very high-efficiency green organic light-emitting devices based on electrophosphorescence
journal, July 1999

Bright-blue electroluminescence from a silyl-substituted ter-(phenylene–vinylene) derivative
journal, February 1999

High Luminance in Organic Electroluminescent Devices with Bis(10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinolinato)beryllium as an Emitter
journal, May 1993

Blue organic electrophosphorescence using exothermic host–guest energy transfer
journal, April 2003

Novel high Tg hole-transport molecules based on indolo[3,2-b]carbazoles for organic light-emitting devices
journal, June 2000

Highly Efficient Red-Emission Polymer Phosphorescent Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Two Novel Tris(1-phenylisoquinolinato-C2,N)iridium(III) Derivatives
journal, March 2007

Highly Phosphorescent Bis-Cyclometalated Iridium Complexes Containing Benzoimidazole-Based Ligands
journal, June 2004

Anode modification in organic light-emitting diodes by low-frequency plasma polymerization of CHF3
journal, January 2001

Highly efficient phosphorescence from organic light-emitting devices with an exciton-block layer
journal, July 2001

P-185: Low-Drive-Voltage OLEDs with a Buffer Layer Having Molybdenum Oxide
journal, January 2006

Highly efficient and stable red phosphorescent organic light-emitting device using bis[2-(2-benzothiazoyl)phenolato]zinc(II) as host material
journal, March 2007

1,2,4-Triazole Derivative as an Electron Transport Layer in Organic Electroluminescent Devices
journal, July 1993

Thermally stable multilared organic electroluminescent devices using novel starburst molecules, 4,4′,4″-Tri(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA) and 4,4′,4″-Tris(3-methylphenylphenylamino)triphenylamine (m-MTDATA), as hole-transport materials
journal, September 1994

High operational stability of electrophosphorescent devices
journal, July 2002

Synthesis and Characterization of Phosphorescent Cyclometalated Iridium Complexes
journal, March 2001

Polymer phosphorescent light-emitting devices doped with tris(2-phenylpyridine) iridium as a triplet emitter
journal, October 2000

Blue Phosphorescence from Iridium(III) Complexes at Room Temperature
journal, October 2006

Triplet luminescent dinuclear-gold( I ) complex-based light-emitting diodes with low turn-on voltage
journal, March 1999

Thermally Stable Hole-Transporting Material for Organic Light-Emitting Diode: an Isoindole Derivative
journal, August 2003

Highly Efficient Electrophosphorescent Devices with Saturated Red Emission from a Neutral Osmium Complex
journal, June 2005

5,5‘-Bis(dimesitylboryl)-2,2‘-bithiophene and 5,5‘‘-Bis(dimesitylboryl)-2,2‘:5‘,2‘‘-terthiophene as a Novel Family of Electron-Transporting Amorphous Molecular Materials
journal, September 1998

Green fluorescent organic light-emitting device with external quantum efficiency of nearly 10%
journal, August 2006

High efficiency molecular organic light-emitting diodes based on silole derivatives and their exciplexes
journal, September 2003

Realizing Green Phosphorescent Light-Emitting Materials from Rhenium(I) Pyrazolato Diimine Complexes
journal, February 2003

Synthesis, Characterization, and Electron-Transport Property of Perfluorinated Phenylene Dendrimers
journal, March 2000

Starburst molecules based on π-electron systems as materials for organic electroluminescent devices
journal, June 1997

Efficient organic light-emitting diodes with phosphorescent platinum complexes containing N∧C∧N-coordinating tridentate ligand
journal, April 2005

High-efficiency white organic light emitting devices with three separate phosphorescent emission layers
journal, December 2007