Data from: "Snowmelt Timing Regulates Community Composition, Phenology, and Physiological Performance of Alpine Plants"

Winkler, Daniel E.; Butz, Ramona J.; Germino, Matthew J.; Reinhardt, Keith; Kueppers, Lara M.

doi:10.15485/1756714

Title: Data from: "Snowmelt Timing Regulates Community Composition, Phenology, and Physiological Performance of Alpine Plants"

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Abstract

This archive contains data that were used to support conclusions drawn in “Snowmelt Timing Regulates Community Composition, Phenology, and Physiological Performance of Alpine Plants”, by Winkler et al., 2018. Data were collected throughout the 2009 growing season on Niwot Ridge, Colorado, before the site became part of the Alpine Treeline Warming Experiment (ATWE). Geospatial files are included in this archive to provide additional locational context. The files in this data package consist of five comma-separated-values (.csv) files, one keyhole markup language (.kml) file, and two ESRI shapefiles (.shp). The .csv files can be opened by Microsoft Excel, R, or any simple text-editor software, such as TextEdit (MacOS) or Notepad (Windows). The .kml files can be opened by Google Maps or Google Earth, and the .shp files are compatible with GIS softwares such as ESRI’s ArcGIS suite, and QGIS.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------We asked how plant community composition, phenology, plant water relations, and photosynthetic gas exchange of alpine-restricted and wide-ranging species differ in their responses to a ca. 40-day snowmelt gradient in the Colorado Rocky mountains (Lewisia pygmaea, Sibbaldia procumbens, and Hymenoxys grandiflora were alpine-restricted and Artemisia scopulorum, Carex rupestris, and Geum rossii were wide-ranging species). To do this, we measured percent cover and floweringmore »« less

Authors:

;

; Reinhardt, Keith;

U.S. Geological Survey
USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region
Idaho State University
University of California Berkeley

Publication Date:: Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2021

DOE Contract Number:: FG02-07ER64457; SC0007071

Research Org.:: Environmental System Science Data Infrastructure for a Virtual Ecosystem (ESS-DIVE) (United States); Subalpine and Alpine Species Range Shifts with Climate Change: Temperature and Soil Moisture Manipulations to Test Species and Population Responses (Alpine Treeline Warming Experiment)

Sponsoring Org.:: U.S. DOE > Office of Science > Biological and Environmental Research (BER); Environmental Systems Graduate Group and Graduate Division, University of California Merced

Subject:: 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Keywords:: Elevation; Distribution; Flowering; Niwot Ridge; Photosynthesis; Snowmelt gradient; Spatio-temporal dynamics; Water relations; EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS; EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS; EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > VEGETATION; EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > LANDSCAPE; Air temperature; Soil temperature; Soil moisture; Solar radiation; Relative humidity; Scalar wind speed; Phenology; First date of flowering; Last date of flowering; Flowering duration; Vegetation cover; Snowmelt date; Transpiration; Plant physiology; Water-use efficiency; Dark respiration; Stomatal conductance; Photosynthesis; Species richness; Plant water potential

Geolocation:: 40.0545378322,-105.593352459|40.0536736148,-105.593352459|40.0536736148,-105.59426183|40.0545378322,-105.59426183|40.0545378322,-105.593352459

OSTI Identifier:: 1756714

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.15485/1756714

Project Location:

Citation Formats


                    Winkler, Daniel E., Butz, Ramona J., Germino, Matthew J., Reinhardt, Keith, and Kueppers, Lara M. Data from: "Snowmelt Timing Regulates Community Composition, Phenology, and Physiological Performance of Alpine Plants".  United States: N. p., 2021. 
        Web.  doi:10.15485/1756714.

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                    Winkler, Daniel E., Butz, Ramona J., Germino, Matthew J., Reinhardt, Keith, & Kueppers, Lara M. Data from: "Snowmelt Timing Regulates Community Composition, Phenology, and Physiological Performance of Alpine Plants".  United States.  doi:https://doi.org/10.15485/1756714

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                    Winkler, Daniel E., Butz, Ramona J., Germino, Matthew J., Reinhardt, Keith, and Kueppers, Lara M. 2021.  
"Data from: "Snowmelt Timing Regulates Community Composition, Phenology, and Physiological Performance of Alpine Plants"".  United States.  doi:https://doi.org/10.15485/1756714.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1756714. Pub date:Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2021

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@article{osti_1756714,

  title        = {Data from: "Snowmelt Timing Regulates Community Composition, Phenology, and Physiological Performance of Alpine Plants"},

  author       = {Winkler, Daniel E. and Butz, Ramona J. and Germino, Matthew J. and Reinhardt, Keith and Kueppers, Lara M.},

  abstractNote = {This archive contains data that were used to support conclusions drawn in “Snowmelt Timing Regulates Community Composition, Phenology, and Physiological Performance of Alpine Plants”, by Winkler et al., 2018. Data were collected throughout the 2009 growing season on Niwot Ridge, Colorado, before the site became part of the Alpine Treeline Warming Experiment (ATWE). Geospatial files are included in this archive to provide additional locational context. The files in this data package consist of five comma-separated-values (.csv) files, one keyhole markup language (.kml) file, and two ESRI shapefiles (.shp). The .csv files can be opened by Microsoft Excel, R, or any simple text-editor software, such as TextEdit (MacOS) or Notepad (Windows). The .kml files can be opened by Google Maps or Google Earth, and the .shp files are compatible with GIS softwares such as ESRI’s ArcGIS suite, and QGIS.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------We asked how plant community composition, phenology, plant water relations, and photosynthetic gas exchange of alpine-restricted and wide-ranging species differ in their responses to a ca. 40-day snowmelt gradient in the Colorado Rocky mountains (Lewisia pygmaea, Sibbaldia procumbens, and Hymenoxys grandiflora were alpine-restricted and Artemisia scopulorum, Carex rupestris, and Geum rossii were wide-ranging species). To do this, we measured percent cover and flowering initiation across 20 plots varying in snowmelt timing and measured net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance in multiple individuals of each target species in these plots in 2009.As hypothesized, species richness and foliar cover increased with earlier snowmelt, due to a greater abundance of wide-ranging species present in earlier melting plots. Flowering initiation occurred earlier with earlier snowmelt for 12 out of 19 species analyzed, while flowering duration was shortened with later snowmelt for six species (all but one were wide ranging species). We observed >50% declines in net photosynthesis from July to September as soil moisture and plant water potentials declined. Early-season stomatal conductance was higher in wide-ranging species, indicating a more competitive strategy for water acquisition when soil moisture is high. Even so, there were no associated differences in photosynthesis or transpiration, suggesting no strong differences between these groups in physiology.},

  doi          = {10.15485/1756714},

  journal      = {},

  number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2021},

  month        = {Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2021}

}

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15485/1756714

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Snowmelt Timing Regulates Community Composition, Phenology, and Physiological Performance of Alpine Plants

Journal Article Winkler, Daniel E. ; Butz, Ramona J. ; Germino, Matthew J. ; ... - Frontiers in Plant Science

The spatial patterning of alpine plant communities is strongly influenced by the variation in physical factors such as temperature and moisture, which are strongly affected by snow depth and snowmelt patterns. Earlier snowmelt timing and greater soil-moisture limitations may favor wide-ranging species adapted to a broader set of ecohydrological conditions than alpine-restricted species. We asked how plant community composition, phenology, plant water relations, and photosynthetic gas exchange of alpine-restricted and wide-ranging species differ in their responses to a ca. 40-day snowmelt gradient in the Colorado Rocky Mountains (Lewisia pygmaea, Sibbaldia procumbens, and Hymenoxys grandiflora were alpine-restricted and Artemisia scopulorum, Carexmore » rupestris, and Geum rossii were wide-ranging species). As hypothesized, species richness and foliar cover increased with earlier snowmelt, due to a greater abundance of wide-ranging species present in earlier melting plots. Flowering initiation occurred earlier with earlier snowmelt for 12 out of 19 species analyzed, while flowering duration was shortened with later snowmelt for six species (all but one were wide-ranging species). We observed >50% declines in net photosynthesis from July to September as soil moisture and plant water potentials declined. Early-season stomatal conductance was higher in wide-ranging species, indicating a more competitive strategy for water acquisition when soil moisture is high. Even so, there were no associated differences in photosynthesis or transpiration, suggesting no strong differences between these groups in physiology. Our findings reveal that plant species with different ranges (alpine-restricted vs. wide-ranging) could have differential phenological and physiological responses to snowmelt timing and associated soil moisture dry-down, and that alpine-restricted species’ performance is more sensitive to snowmelt. As a result, alpine-restricted species may serve as better indicator species than their wide-ranging heterospecifics. Overall, alpine community composition and peak % cover are strongly structured by spatio-temporal patterns in snowmelt timing. Thus, near-term, community-wide changes (or variation) in phenology and physiology in response to shifts in snowmelt timing or rates of soil dry down are likely to be contingent on the legacy of past climate on community structure.« less
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The spatial patterning of alpine plant communities is strongly influenced by the variation in physical factors such as temperature and moisture, which are strongly affected by snow depth and snowmelt patterns. Earlier snowmelt timing and greater soil-moisture limitations may favor wide-ranging species adapted to a broader set of ecohydrological conditions than alpine-restricted species. We asked how plant community composition, phenology, plant water relations, and photosynthetic gas exchange of alpine-restricted and wide-ranging species differ in their responses to a ca. 40-day snowmelt gradient in the Colorado Rocky Mountains (Lewisia pygmaea, Sibbaldia procumbens, and Hymenoxys grandiflora were alpine-restricted and Artemisia scopulorum, Carexmore » rupestris, and Geum rossii were wide-ranging species). As hypothesized, species richness and foliar cover increased with earlier snowmelt, due to a greater abundance of wide-ranging species present in earlier melting plots. Flowering initiation occurred earlier with earlier snowmelt for 12 out of 19 species analyzed, while flowering duration was shortened with later snowmelt for six species (all but one were wide-ranging species). We observed >50% declines in net photosynthesis from July to September as soil moisture and plant water potentials declined. Early-season stomatal conductance was higher in wide-ranging species, indicating a more competitive strategy for water acquisition when soil moisture is high. Even so, there were no associated differences in photosynthesis or transpiration, suggesting no strong differences between these groups in physiology. Our findings reveal that plant species with different ranges (alpine-restricted vs. wide-ranging) could have differential phenological and physiological responses to snowmelt timing and associated soil moisture dry-down, and that alpine-restricted species’ performance is more sensitive to snowmelt. As a result, alpine-restricted species may serve as better indicator species than their wide-ranging heterospecifics. Overall, alpine community composition and peak % cover are strongly structured by spatio-temporal patterns in snowmelt timing. Thus, near-term, community-wide changes (or variation) in phenology and physiology in response to shifts in snowmelt timing or rates of soil dry down are likely to be contingent on the legacy of past climate on community structure.« less
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