Fish scale-loss caused by simulated hydraulic shear stress

Bevelhimer, Mark; Pracheil, Brenda; Saylor, Ryan; Fortner, Allison; Deck, Kendra; Deck, Emine; Qsaquwa, Itohan; Anugwom, Chioma

doi:10.21951/1735931

Title: Fish scale-loss caused by simulated hydraulic shear stress

Dataset
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Abstract

Riverine fishes found within streams impacted by hydropower also often pass through hydropower turbines during annual downstream migrations. During turbine passage events, fish may experience a suite of stressors including rapid pressure changes, impacts from turbine blades, and exposure to hydraulic shear. Scale-loss is often observed in fish collected below dams and hydraulic shear is the most likely cause of this trauma. While exposure to shear may cause other injuries, scale-loss appears to be the most common non-lethal injury observed to date. We sought to quantify how hydraulic shear may cause scale-loss in rainbow trout, gizzard shad, and hybrid striped bass by precisely controlling the exposure level (velocity) and duration (seconds) of a water jet. We targeted the same area for all three species found between the operculum and dorsal fin on the left, lateral surface. Exposure velocities ranged from 0 (controls) to 11.0 meters/second but fish were only exposed to the water jet for 1.5 seconds. A 0.2 milligram/milliliter solution of fluorescein was used to stain the areas of scale-loss by submerging each fish in this solution for at least 6 minutes. Fluorescein was used because it interacts with epithelial tissue that has been damaged and it fluoresces undermore »« less

Authors:

Bevelhimer, Mark; Pracheil, Brenda; Saylor, Ryan; Fortner, Allison; Deck, Kendra; Deck, Emine; Qsaquwa, Itohan; Anugwom, Chioma

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Contributors:

Data Collector:

Fortner, Allison; Deck, Kendra; Deck, Emine; Qsaquwa, Itohan; Anugwom, Chioma

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Publication Date:: Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2020

DOE Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Water Power Technologies Office

Subject:: 13 HYDRO ENERGY

Keywords:: Descaling; dose-response; turbine passage stressor; hydropower

OSTI Identifier:: 1735931

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.21951/1735931

Citation Formats


                    Bevelhimer, Mark, Pracheil, Brenda, Saylor, Ryan, Fortner, Allison, Deck, Kendra, Deck, Emine, Qsaquwa, Itohan, and Anugwom, Chioma. Fish scale-loss caused by simulated hydraulic shear stress.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
        Web.  doi:10.21951/1735931.

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                    Bevelhimer, Mark, Pracheil, Brenda, Saylor, Ryan, Fortner, Allison, Deck, Kendra, Deck, Emine, Qsaquwa, Itohan, & Anugwom, Chioma. Fish scale-loss caused by simulated hydraulic shear stress.  United States.  doi:https://doi.org/10.21951/1735931

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                    Bevelhimer, Mark, Pracheil, Brenda, Saylor, Ryan, Fortner, Allison, Deck, Kendra, Deck, Emine, Qsaquwa, Itohan, and Anugwom, Chioma. 2020.  
"Fish scale-loss caused by simulated hydraulic shear stress".  United States.  doi:https://doi.org/10.21951/1735931.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1735931. Pub date:Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2020

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@article{osti_1735931,

  title        = {Fish scale-loss caused by simulated hydraulic shear stress},

  author       = {Bevelhimer, Mark and Pracheil, Brenda and Saylor, Ryan and Fortner, Allison and Deck, Kendra and Deck, Emine and Qsaquwa, Itohan and Anugwom, Chioma},

  abstractNote = {Riverine fishes found within streams impacted by hydropower also often pass through hydropower turbines during annual downstream migrations. During turbine passage events, fish may experience a suite of stressors including rapid pressure changes, impacts from turbine blades, and exposure to hydraulic shear. Scale-loss is often observed in fish collected below dams and hydraulic shear is the most likely cause of this trauma. While exposure to shear may cause other injuries, scale-loss appears to be the most common non-lethal injury observed to date. We sought to quantify how hydraulic shear may cause scale-loss in rainbow trout, gizzard shad, and hybrid striped bass by precisely controlling the exposure level (velocity) and duration (seconds) of a water jet. We targeted the same area for all three species found between the operculum and dorsal fin on the left, lateral surface. Exposure velocities ranged from 0 (controls) to 11.0 meters/second but fish were only exposed to the water jet for 1.5 seconds. A 0.2 milligram/milliliter solution of fluorescein was used to stain the areas of scale-loss by submerging each fish in this solution for at least 6 minutes. Fluorescein was used because it interacts with epithelial tissue that has been damaged and it fluoresces under ultraviolet lighting. Fish were photographed under short- and longwave ultraviolet lighting in a dark chamber to capture fluorescence. Fish photographs were analyzed using ImageJ and the proportion of descaled area was estimated for each fish within a 35 by 35-millimeter square. In general, these data highlight how exposure to hydraulic shear may lead to significant levels of descaling in riverine fishes.},

  doi          = {10.21951/1735931},

  journal      = {},

  number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2020},

  month        = {Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2020}

}

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21951/1735931

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