Genome sequence of the chemolithoautotrophic nitrite-oxidizing bacterium Nitrobacter winogradskyi Nb-255

Journal Article · Wed Mar 01 04:00:00 EST 2006 · Applied and Environmental Microbiology

OSTI ID:989537

Hauser, Loren John ^[1]; Land, Miriam L ^[1]; Larimer, Frank W ^[1]; Arp, D J ^[2]; Hickey, W J ^[3]

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1. ORNL
2. Oregon State University
3. University of Wisconsin, Madison

The alphaproteobacterium Nitrobacter winogradskyi (ATCC 25391) is a gram-negative facultative chemolithoautotroph capable of extracting energy from the oxidation of nitrite to nitrate. Sequencing and analysis of its genome revealed a single circular chromosome of 3,402,093 bp encoding 3,143 predicted proteins. There were extensive similarities to genes in two alphaproteobacteria, Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110 (1,300 genes) and Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA009 CG (815 genes). Genes encoding pathways for known modes of chemolithotrophic and chemoorganotrophic growth were identified. Genes encoding multiple enzymes involved in anapleurotic reactions centered on C2 to C4 metabolism, including a glyoxylate bypass, were annotated. The inability of N. winogradskyi to grow on C6 molecules is consistent with the genome sequence, which lacks genes for complete Embden-Meyerhof and Entner-Doudoroff pathways, and active uptake of sugars. Two gene copies of the nitrite oxidoreductase, type I ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, cytochrome c oxidase, and gene homologs encoding an aerobic-type carbon monoxide dehydrogenase were present. Similarity of nitrite oxidoreductases to respiratory nitrate reductases was confirmed. Approximately 10% of the N. winogradskyi genome codes for genes involved in transport and secretion, including the presence of transporters for various organic-nitrogen molecules. The N. winogradskyi genome provides new insight into the phylogenetic identity and physiological capabilities of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria. The genome will serve as a model to study the cellular and molecular processes that control nitrite oxidation and its interaction with other nitrogen-cycling processes.

• Research Organization: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)
• Sponsoring Organization: SC USDOE - Office of Science (SC)
• DOE Contract Number: AC05-00OR22725
• OSTI ID: 989537
• Journal Information: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Journal Name: Applied and Environmental Microbiology Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 72; ISSN AEMIDF; ISSN 0099-2240
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS
BACTERIA
BRADYRHIZOBIUM-JAPONICUM
CARBON MONOXIDE
CARBON-MONOXIDE DEHYDROGENASE
CHROMOSOMES
CYTOCHROMES
ENZYMES
ESCHERICHIA-COLI
GENES
GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA
MEGAPLASMID PHCG3
MEMBRANE-PROTEINS
METABOLISM
NITRATES
NITRITES
NITROSOMONAS-EUROPAEA
OLIGOTROPHA-CARBOXIDOVORANS
OXIDATION
OXIDOREDUCTASES
PROTEINS
PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA
RHIZOBIUM SINORHIZOBIUM MELILOTI
RHODOPSEUDOMONAS
SACCHARIDES
SECRETION
TRANSPORT