Atlantic Ocean CARINA data: overview and salinity adjustments
- IFM-GEOMAR, Leibniz Institute for Marine Sciences, Chemical Oceanography, Kiel, Germany
- University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Princeton University
- University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
- ETH Zurich, Switzerland
- Atlantic Oceanographic & Meteorological Laboratory, NOAA
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas de Vigo, CSIC, Vigo, Spain
- University of Groningen, The Netherlands
- NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, UNIFOB AS, Bergen, Norway
- ORNL
- Cooperative Institute of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, U. Miami
Water column data of carbon and carbon-relevant hydrographic and hydrochemical parameters from 188 previously non-publicly available cruise data sets in the Arctic Mediterranean Seas, Atlantic and Southern Ocean have been retrieved and merged into a new database: CARINA (CARbon dioxide IN the Atlantic Ocean). The data have gone through rigorous quality control procedures to assure the highest possible quality and consistency. The data for the pertinent parameters in the CARINA database were objectively examined in order to quantify systematic differences in the reported values, i.e. secondary quality control. Systematic biases found in the data have been corrected in the three data products: merged data files with measured, calculated and interpolated data for each of the three CARINA regions, i.e. the Arctic Mediterranean Seas, the Atlantic and the Southern Ocean. These products have been corrected to be internally consistent. Ninety-eight of the cruises in the CARINA database were conducted in the Atlantic Ocean, defined here as the region south of the Greenland-Iceland-Scotland Ridge and north of about 30 S. Here we present an overview of the Atlantic Ocean synthesis of the CARINA data and the adjustments that were applied to the data product. We also report the details of the secondary QC (Quality Control) for salinity for this data set. Procedures of quality control including crossover analysis between stations and inversion analysis of all crossover data are briefly described. Adjustments to salinity measurements were applied to the data from 10 cruises in the Atlantic Ocean region. Based on our analysis we estimate the internal consistency of the CARINA-ATL salinity data to be 4.1 ppm. With these adjustments the CARINA data products are consistent both internally was well as with GLODAP data, an oceanographic data set based on the World Hydrographic Program in the 1990s, and is now suitable for accurate assessments of, for example, oceanic carbon inventories and uptake rates and for model validation.
- Research Organization:
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- DOE Contract Number:
- DE-AC05-00OR22725
- OSTI ID:
- 986430
- Journal Information:
- Earth System Science Data (ESSD), Vol. 2, Issue 2; ISSN 1866-3516
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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