Pre-Oxidized and Nitrided Stainless Steel Foil for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Bipolar Plates: Part 2- Single-Cell Fuel Cell Evaluation of Stamped Plates

Journal Article · Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2010 · Journal of Power Sources

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.03.056· OSTI ID:982116

Toops, Todd J ^[1]; Brady, Michael P ^[1]; Tortorelli, Peter F ^[1]; Pihl, Josh A ^[1]; EstevezGenCell, Francisco ^[2]; Connors, Dan ^[2]; Garzon, Fernando ^[3]; Rockward, Tommy ^[3]; Gervasio, Don ^[4]; Kosaraju, S. H. ^[4]

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1. ORNL
2. GenCell Corp
3. Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL)
4. Arizona State University

Thermal (gas) nitridation of stainless steel alloys can yield low interfacial contact resistance (ICR), electrically conductive and corrosion-resistant nitride containing surface layers (Cr{sub 2}N, CrN, TiN, V{sub 2}N, VN, etc.) of interest for fuel cells, batteries, and sensors. This paper presents results of proton exchange membrane (PEM) single-cell fuel cell studies of stamped and pre-oxidized/nitrided developmental Fe-20Cr-4V weight percent (wt.%) and commercial type 2205 stainless steel alloy foils. The single-cell fuel cell behavior of the stamped and pre-oxidized/nitrided material was compared to as-stamped (no surface treatment) 904L, 2205, and Fe-20Cr-4V stainless steel alloy foils and machined graphite of similar flow field design. The best fuel cell behavior among the alloys was exhibited by the pre-oxidized/nitrided Fe-20Cr-4V, which exhibited {approx}5-20% better peak power output than untreated Fe-20Cr-4V, 2205, and 904L metal stampings. Durability was assessed for pre-oxidized/nitrided Fe-20Cr-4V, 904L metal, and graphite plates by 1000+ h of cyclic single-cell fuel cell testing. All three materials showed good durability with no significant degradation in cell power output. Post-test analysis indicated no metal ion contamination of the membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) occurred with the pre-oxidized and nitrided Fe-20Cr-4V or graphite plates, and only a minor amount of contamination with the 904L plates.

• Research Organization: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
• DOE Contract Number: DE-AC05-00OR22725
• OSTI ID: 982116
• Journal Information: Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 195, Issue 17; ISSN 0378-7753
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
ALLOYS
CONTAMINATION
DESIGN
ELECTRODES
EVALUATION
FUEL CELLS
GRAPHITE
MEMBRANES
NITRIDATION
NITRIDES
PEAK LOAD
PLATES
PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS
PROTONS
STAINLESS STEELS
SURFACE TREATMENTS
TESTING