Crystal Structure of Human Plasma Platelet-Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase

Journal Article · Tue Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 2008 · Journal of Biological Chemistry

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M804750200· OSTI ID:980103

Samanta, U; Bahnson, B

Human plasma platelet-activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolase functions by reducing PAF levels as a general anti-inflammatory scavenger and is linked to anaphylactic shock, asthma, and allergic reactions. The enzyme has also been implicated in hydrolytic activities of other pro-inflammatory agents, such as sn-2 oxidatively fragmented phospholipids. This plasma enzyme is tightly bound to low and high density lipoprotein particles and is also referred to as lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A{sub 2}. The crystal structure of this enzyme has been solved from x-ray diffraction data collected to a resolution of 1.5{angstrom}. It has a classic lipase {alpha}/{beta}-hydrolase fold, and it contains a catalytic triad of Ser{sup 273}, His{sup 351}, and Asp{sup 296}. Two clusters of hydrophobic residues define the probable interface-binding region, and a prediction is given of how the enzyme is bound to lipoproteins. Additionally, an acidic patch of 10 carboxylate residues and a neighboring basic patch of three residues are suggested to play a role in high density lipoprotein/low density lipoprotein partitioning. A crystal structure is also presented of PAF acetylhydrolase reacted with the organophosphate compound paraoxon via its active site Ser{sup 273}. The resulting diethyl phosphoryl complex was used to model the tetrahedral intermediate of the substrate PAF to the active site. The model of interface binding begins to explain the known specificity of lipoprotein-bound substrates and how the active site can be both close to the hydrophobic-hydrophilic interface and at the same time be accessible to the aqueous phase.

• Research Organization: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) National Synchrotron Light Source
• Sponsoring Organization: Doe - Office Of Science
• DOE Contract Number: AC02-98CH10886
• OSTI ID: 980103
• Report Number(s): BNL--93021-2010-JA
• Journal Information: Journal of Biological Chemistry, Journal Name: Journal of Biological Chemistry Journal Issue: 46 Vol. 283; ISSN JBCHA3; ISSN 0021-9258
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS
ASTHMA
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
DATA
DENSITY
ENZYMES
FORECASTING
FUNCTIONS
HUMAN POPULATIONS
INTERFACES
LEVELS
LIPASES
LIPOPROTEINS
PARTICLES
PHOSPHOLIPIDS
PLASMA
RESIDUES
RESOLUTION
SPECIFICITY
SUBSTRATES
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
national synchrotron light source