A novel cathode material with concentration-gradient for high energy and safe lithium-ion batteries.
A high-energy functional cathode material with an average composition of Li[Ni{sub 0.72}Co{sub 0.18}Mn{sub 0.10}]O{sub 2}, mainly comprising a core material Li[Ni{sub 0.8}Co{sub 0.2}]O{sub 2} encapsulated completely within a stable manganese-rich concentration-gradient shell is successfully synthesized by a co-precipitation process. The Li[Ni{sub 0.72}Co{sub 0.18}Mn{sub 0.10}]O{sub 2} with a concentration-gradient shell has a shell thickness of about 1 {micro}m and an outer shell composition rich in manganese, Li[Ni{sub 0.55}Co{sub 0.15}Mn{sub 0.30}]O{sub 2}. The core material can deliver a very high capacity of over 200 mA h g{sup -1}, while the manganese-rich concentration-gradient shell improves the cycling and thermal stability of the material. These improvements are caused by a gradual and continuous increase of the stable tetravalent Mn in the concentration-gradient shell layer. The electrochemical and thermal properties of this cathode material are found to be far superior to those of the core Li[Ni{sub 0.8}Co{sub 0.2}]O{sub 2} material alone. Electron microscopy also reveals that the original crystal structure of this material remains intact after cycling.
- Research Organization:
- Argonne National Laboratory (ANL)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- EE
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC02-06CH11357
- OSTI ID:
- 975463
- Report Number(s):
- ANL/CSE/JA-65441
- Journal Information:
- Adv. Funct. Mater., Journal Name: Adv. Funct. Mater. Journal Issue: 3 ; Feb. 8, 2010 Vol. 20; ISSN 1616-301X
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- ENGLISH
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