On the Use of Energy Storage Technologies for Regulation Services in Electric Power Systems with Significant Penetration of Wind Energy
Energy produced by intermittent renewable resources is sharply increasing in the United States. At high penetration levels, volatility of wind power production could cause additional problems for the power system balancing functions such as regulation. This paper reports some partial results of a project work, recently conducted by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) for Bonneville Power Administration (BPA). The project proposes to mitigate additional intermittency with the help of Wide Area Energy Management System (WAEMS) that would provide a two-way simultaneous regulation service for the BPA and California ISO systems by using a large energy storage facility. The paper evaluates several utility-scale energy storage technology options for their usage as regulation resources. The regulation service requires a participating resource to quickly vary its power output following the rapidly and frequently changing regulation signal. Several energy storage options have been analyzed based on thirteen selection criteria. The evaluation process resulted in the selection of flywheels, pumped hydro electric power (or conventional hydro electric power) plant and sodium sulfur or nickel cadmium batteries as candidate technologies for the WAEMS project. A cost benefit analysis should be conducted to narrow the choice to one technology.
- Research Organization:
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (US)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC05-76RL01830
- OSTI ID:
- 949136
- Report Number(s):
- PNNL-SA-59250; 400480000
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION
25 ENERGY STORAGE
32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
BONNEVILLE POWER ADMINISTRATION
Battery Energy Storage
COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
Compressed Air Energy Storage
Demand Control
ELECTRIC POWER
ELECTRICITY
ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
ENERGY STORAGE
Energy Storage
FLYWHEELS
Flywheel Energy Storage
Intermittent Generation Resources
MARKET
NICKEL-CADMIUM BATTERIES
POWER SYSTEMS
Pumped Hydro Electric Power Plant
REGULATIONS
Regulation
SODIUM
SULFUR
Supercapacitor Energy Storage
VOLATILITY
WIND POWER
Wind Generation