Transference numbers of concentrated electrolytes and characterization of salt bridges in the ethanol + water solvent mixtures
- Univ. of Milan, Milano (Italy). Dept. of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry
Electromotive force measurements have been made using the transference cells: Ag{vert_bar}AgCl{vert_bar}MCl (m{sub 2}){vert_bar}MCl (m{sub 1}){vert_bar}AgCl{vert_bar}Ag and M(Hg){vert_bar}MCl (m{sub 1}){vert_bar}MCl (m{sub 2}){vert_bar}M(Hg) (where M = Na, K, and Cs and M(Hg) denotes a flowing M-amalgam electrode) at various molalities m{sub 2} > m{sub 1} of MCl salts in ethanol (1) + water (2) with ethanol mass fraction w{sub 1} up to 0.8. The results indicate that the ions in CsCl have approximately equal transference number from pure water up to w{sub 1} = 0.6 for ethanol, but at w{sub 1} = 0.7 the transference numbers of the ions start to differ. Also, the transference numbers of the ions in KCl in ethanol + water approach 0.5, but at w{sub 1} > 0.4, the KCl solubility becomes insufficient for a salt bridge function. NaCl, which is not good as a salt bridge in water, is more useful with increasing ethanol concentrations, and the transference numbers of the ions approach 0.5 at ethanol mass fraction w{sub 1} > 0.8.
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE
- OSTI ID:
- 94344
- Journal Information:
- Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data, Vol. 40, Issue 4; Other Information: PBD: Jul-Aug 1995
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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