Phase transitions in lithiated Cu{sub 2}Sb anodes for lithium batteries : an in-situ x-ray diffraction study.

Journal Article · Sun Jul 01 04:00:00 EDT 2001 · Electrochem. Commun.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1388-2481(01)00140-0· OSTI ID:943256

Fransson, L M. L.; Vaughey, J T; Benedek, R; Edstrom, K; Thomas, J O; Thackeray, M M

Copper antimonide, Cu{sub 2}Sb, has been investigated as a negative electrode (anode) for rechargeable lithium batteries by in situ X-ray diffraction of Li/Cu{sub 2}Sb cells. The data show that lithium isinserted into Cu{sub 2}Sb with a concomitant extrusion of copper, which initiates a phase transition to a lithiated zinc-blende-type structure, Li{sub x}Cu{sub 2-y}Sb for 0 < x {<=} 2 and 0 {<=} y {<=} 1, yielding Li{sub 2}CuSb at x = 2, y = 1. Further lithiation results in the displacement of the remaining copper to yield Li{sub 2+z}Cu{sub 1-z}Sb compositions (0 < z {<=} 1) with the end member Li{sub 3}Sb. The Sb array remains intact in a face-centred arrangement throughout these reactions, despite a 42% expansion of the array. The reactions are reversible; they occur between 1.0 and 0 V vs. Li{sup 0}, and deliver a steady capacity of approximately 290 mAh/g after one conditioning cycle. The lithium insertion/metal extrusion reactions with the Cu{sub 2}Sb structure bear a resemblance to those observed previously with Cu{sub 6}Sn{sub 5} and InSb.

• Research Organization: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL)
• Sponsoring Organization: SC; FOR; EE
• DOE Contract Number: AC02-06CH11357
• OSTI ID: 943256
• Report Number(s): ANL/CMT/JA-38653
• Journal Information: Electrochem. Commun., Journal Name: Electrochem. Commun. Journal Issue: 7 ; Jul. 2001 Vol. 3; ISSN 1388-2481
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: ENGLISH

Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
ANODES
CAPACITY
COPPER
DATA
ELECTRODES
EXPANSION
EXTRUSION
LITHIUM
X-RAY DIFFRACTION