Localized or Systemic {italic In Vivo} Heat-Inactivation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): A Mathematical Analysis

Journal Article · Wed Dec 15 04:00:00 EST 1993 · Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology

OSTI ID:937428

Pennypacker, Carl R; Perelson, A S; Nys, N; Nelson, G; Sessler, D I

Temperatures as low as 42 C, maintained for a little as 25 minutes, inactivate {approx}25% of HIV. Furthermore, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected T-cells are more sensitive to heat than healthy lymphocytes and susceptibility increases when the cells are pre-sensitized by exposure to tumor necrosis factor. Thus, induction of a whole-body hyperthermia, or hyperthermia specifically limited to tissues having a high viral load, are potential antiviral therapies for acquired immunodeficiency disease (AIDS). Accordingly, we incorporated therapeutic hyperthermia into an existing mathematical model which evaluates the interaction between HIV and CD4{sup +} T cells. Given the assumptions and limitations of this model, the results indicate that a daily therapy, reducing the population of actively infected cells by 40% or infectious virus by 50%, would effectively reverse the depletion of T cells. In contrast, a daily reduction of 20% of either actively infected cells or infectious virus would have a marginal effect. However, reduction by 20% of both actively infected cells and infectious virus could restore T cell numbers, assuming that permanent damage had not been inflicted on the thymus. Whole-body hyperthermia seems unlikely to be clinically useful, unless it can be induced non-invasively without general anesthesia. In contrast, heating directed specifically to areas of viral concentration may be effective and have a suitable risk/benefit ratio.

• Research Organization: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA (US)
• Sponsoring Organization: Physics Division
• DOE Contract Number: AC02-05CH11231
• OSTI ID: 937428
• Report Number(s): LBL-34952
• Journal Information: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology, Journal Name: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 8
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS
AIDS VIRUS
ANESTHESIA
DISEASES
HEATING
HYPERTHERMIA
IN VIVO
INDUCTION
LYMPHOCYTES
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
THERAPY
THYMUS