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Title: ACCELERATOR DIVISION ANNUAL REPORT, JAN-DEC. 1975

Abstract

The Bevatron/Bevalac is operated, maintained, and continually improved as a national research facility for studies in nuclear science and in biology and medicine. Recent modifications have brought the 21-year-old synchrotron to the threshold of tremendously exciting new studies as the world's most powerful heavy-ion accelerator. In its Bevalac configuration, the machine capitalizes on the coupling of the SuperHILAC to the Bevatron via a 175-meter beam line. The SuperHILAC acts as an injector to provide the Bevatron with high-intensity beams of ions as heavy as argon. At the same time, the SuperHILAC is capable of delivering heavy-ion beams to its own group of experimenters through a computer-linked, time-share system of operation. Research efforts using the Bevalac have included a broad spectrum of nuclear science and cosmic-ray-simulation experiments, as well as intensive studies in biology and medicine aimed principally at diagnostic techniques and preclinical therapy studies for some forms of cancer.

Authors:
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
Accelerator& Fusion Research Division
OSTI Identifier:
937065
Report Number(s):
LBL-5370
TRN: US200820%%275
DOE Contract Number:
DE-AC02-05CH11231
Resource Type:
Technical Report
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
99; ACCELERATORS; ARGON; BEVALAC; BEVATRON; BIOLOGY; CONFIGURATION; DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES; HEAVY ION ACCELERATORS; MEDICINE; MODIFICATIONS; NEOPLASMS; SUPERHILAC; SYNCHROTRONS; THERAPY

Citation Formats

Lofgren, E.J. ACCELERATOR DIVISION ANNUAL REPORT, JAN-DEC. 1975. United States: N. p., 1977. Web. doi:10.2172/937065.
Lofgren, E.J. ACCELERATOR DIVISION ANNUAL REPORT, JAN-DEC. 1975. United States. doi:10.2172/937065.
Lofgren, E.J. Thu . "ACCELERATOR DIVISION ANNUAL REPORT, JAN-DEC. 1975". United States. doi:10.2172/937065. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/937065.
@article{osti_937065,
title = {ACCELERATOR DIVISION ANNUAL REPORT, JAN-DEC. 1975},
author = {Lofgren, E.J.},
abstractNote = {The Bevatron/Bevalac is operated, maintained, and continually improved as a national research facility for studies in nuclear science and in biology and medicine. Recent modifications have brought the 21-year-old synchrotron to the threshold of tremendously exciting new studies as the world's most powerful heavy-ion accelerator. In its Bevalac configuration, the machine capitalizes on the coupling of the SuperHILAC to the Bevatron via a 175-meter beam line. The SuperHILAC acts as an injector to provide the Bevatron with high-intensity beams of ions as heavy as argon. At the same time, the SuperHILAC is capable of delivering heavy-ion beams to its own group of experimenters through a computer-linked, time-share system of operation. Research efforts using the Bevalac have included a broad spectrum of nuclear science and cosmic-ray-simulation experiments, as well as intensive studies in biology and medicine aimed principally at diagnostic techniques and preclinical therapy studies for some forms of cancer.},
doi = {10.2172/937065},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Jan 27 00:00:00 EST 1977},
month = {Thu Jan 27 00:00:00 EST 1977}
}

Technical Report:

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  • The recrystallization of silicon on graphite substrates has been carried out by the unidirectional solidification and zone-melting techniques. Silicon solar cells of 15-25 sq cm area with AMO efficiencies (without anti-reflection coatings) up to 3.7% have been produced. The grain boundary effects in silicon solar cells of the configuration n+/p/cast metallurgical-grade silicon were reduced by increasing the dopant concentration in the p-layer, and AMO efficiencies up to 4% were obtained. Solar cells deposited on Czochralski and floating-zone refined metallurgical silicon substrates had higher efficiencies. Metallurgical silicon has been purified by the chemical treatment of the melt and float-zone refining. Themore » chemical treatment technique appears to be very promising. Although solar cells of higher than 6% AMO efficiency have been produced from metallurgical silicon purified by two floating-zone passes, the floating-zone technique is not economically feasible for the fabrication of low-cost solar cells. (GRA)« less
  • Work during the past year has been focused on two distinct areas. Interest in the production of intense, short duration pulses of electric energy prompted investigation of a self-excited MHD generator capable of doing this job. Feasibility of the concept was established and design of the first test channel completed. Some experiments were also conducted on the non-equilibrium closed cycle MHD generator, which in 1974 achieved a record enthalpy extraction of 19.3%. The emphasis was on reducing stagnation temperature from 3520 K where the record was achieved to the 2000 K level, which is compatible with available energy sources. Bothmore » the shock tunnel and the MHD generator become more difficult to operate as temperature drops, but results are encouraging. (GRA)« less
  • The Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare is required, Subpart 3, Section 2, Part F of Title III of the Public Health Service Act; 42 USC et seq. (Public Law 90-602), to submit an annual report to the President for transmittal to the Congress on or before April 1 on the adminstration of the Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act. The detailed information required to be included in the report is outlined in Section 360D of Public Law 90-602. The Food and Drug Administration, through its Bureau of Radiological Health, has been delegated the authority for the day-to-day administrationmore » of the Act. This report covers the detailed operation of the Agency in carrying out that responsibility for calendar year 1974. (GRA)« less
  • Major breakthroughs were achieved in the field of NF/sub 4/(+) chemistry and solid propellant NF/sub 3/-F/sub 2/ gas generators for chemical HF-DF lasers. The novel concept of a self-clinkering NF/sub 3/-F/sub 2/ generator, based on the new (NF/sub 4/)/sub 2/ SNF/sub 6/ salt, was developed, and a feasible method of producing (NF/sub 4/)/sub 2/ SnF/sub 6/ by metathesis was established. Work on the UV-photolysis of NF/sub 3/-F/sub 2/-Lewis acid systems resulted in an economic process for the production of pure NF/sub 4/BF/sub 4/ on a pound scale, thus providing the material required for its development as a NF/sub 3/-F/sub 2/more » gas generator. The following novel NF/sub 4/(+) salts have been synthesized: (NF/sub 4/)/sub 2/SnF/sub 6/, (NF/sub 4/)/sub 2/GeF/sub 6/, NF/sub 4/SnF/sub 5/, NF/sub 4/GeF/sub 5/, NF/sub 4/PF/sub 6/, NF/sub 4/BiF/sub 6/, and NF/sub 4/Bi/sub 2/F/sub 11/. These and some of the known NF/sub 4/(+) salts have been or are presently being characterized. The concept of displacing NF/sub 3/ and F/sub 2/ from NF/sub 4/BF/sub 4/ by low-melting eutectic mixtures was examined, and the syntheses of (NF/sub 4/)/sub 2/SiF/sub 6/, NF/sub 4/HF/sub 2/, (N/sub 2/F/sub 3/)/sub 2/GeF/sub 6/, and N/sub 2/F/sub 3/B were attempted. Low-temperature UV-photolysis was also successfully applied to the synthesis of the novel dioxygenyl salt O/sub 2/(GeF/sub 5/-, which was thoroughly characterized. Evidence was obtained for a metastable gaseous species at room temperature containing an infrared active O-O multiple bond. An improved oxidizer for closed-cycle submarine propulsion systems was found and proposed to DARPA for further study. The fluorination of UF/sub 4/ and UO/sub 2/F/sub 2/ to UF/sub 6/ by CF/sub 2/ was briefly investigated. Study of the PtF/sub 6/-XeOF/sub 4/ reaction system and the crystal structure determination of (BrF/sub 2/)/sub 2/ GeF/sub 6/ was completed. (GRA)« less
  • Progress made during the reporting period has yielded the following results: (1) Cadmium stannate films with 6500/ohm cm conductivity and high optical transmission can be prepared by sputtering; (2) Clear cadmium stannate films with 10-20 ohm/square sheet resistance can be spray coated. Sheet resistances as low as 5 ohm/square have been achieved; (3) Junction-free, 1 ohm/square cadmium stannate contacts have been sputtered onto single crystal silicon wafers; and (4) Backwall efficiencies of 5.3% under tungsten illumination (about 6% AMI sunlight) were measured in Cd/sub 2/SnO/sub 4//CdS/Cu/sub x/S cells.