Crystal Structure and Topological Aspects of the High-Temperature Phases of the Alkali-metal Oxalates M-2 C2O4(M= K,Rb, Cs)
The high-temperature phases of the alkali-metal oxalates M{sub 2}[C{sub 2}O{sub 4}] (M=K, Rb, Cs), and their decomposition products M{sub 2}[CO{sub 3}] (M=K, Rb, Cs), were investigated by fast, angle-dispersive X-ray powder diffraction with an image-plate detector, and also by simultaneous differential thermal analysis (DTA)/thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)/mass spectrometry (MS) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. The following phases, in order of decreasing temperature, were observed and crystallographically characterized (an asterisk denotes a previously unknown modification): *{alpha}-K{sub 2}[C{sub 2}O{sub 4}], *{alpha}-Rb{sub 2}[C{sub 2}O{sub 4}], *{alpha}-Cs{sub 2}[C{sub 2}O{sub 4}], {alpha}-K{sub 2}[CO{sub 3}], *{alpha}-Rb{sub 2}[CO{sub 3}], and *{alpha}-Cs{sub 2}[CO{sub 3}] in space group P6{sub 3}/mmc; *{beta}-Rb{sub 2}[C{sub 2}O{sub 4}], *{beta}-Cs{sub 2}[C{sub 2}O{sub 4}], *{beta}-Rb{sub 2}[CO{sub 3}], and *{beta}-Cs{sub 2}[CO{sub 3}] in Pnma; {gamma}-Rb{sub 2}[C{sub 2}O{sub 4}], {gamma}-Cs[C{sub 2}O{sub 4}], {gamma}-Rb{sub 2}[CO{sub 3}], and {gamma}-Cs{sub 2}[CO{sub 3}] in P2{sub 1}/c; and {delta}-K{sub 2}[C{sub 2}O{sub 4}] and {delta}-Rb{sub 2}[C{sub 2}O{sub 4}] in Pbam. With respect to the centers of gravity of the oxalate and carbonate anions, respectively, the crystal structures of all known alkali-metal oxalates and carbonates belong to the AlB{sub 2} family, and adopt either the AlB{sub 2} or the Ni{sub 2}In arrangement depending on the size of the cation and the temperature. Despite the different sizes and constitutions of the carbonate and oxalate anions, the high-temperature phases of the alkali-metal carbonates M{sub 2}[CO{sub 3}] (M=K, Rb, Cs), exhibit the same sequence of basic structures as the corresponding alkali-metal oxalates. The topological aspects and order-disorder phenomena at elevated temperature are discussed.
- Research Organization:
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). National Synchrotron Light Source
- Sponsoring Organization:
- Doe - Office Of Science
- DOE Contract Number:
- DE-AC02-98CH10886
- OSTI ID:
- 913724
- Report Number(s):
- BNL-78292-2007-JA; TRN: US200804%%177
- Journal Information:
- Chem. Eur. J., Vol. 11, Issue 4
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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