Whole-Body Lifetime Occupational Lead Exposure and Risk of Parkinson’s Disease
We enrolled 121 PD patients and 414 age-, sex-, and race-, frequency-matched controls in a case–control study. As an indicator of chronic Pb exposure, we measured concentrations of tibial and calcaneal bone Pb stores using 109Cadmium excited K-series X-ray fluorescence. As an indicator of recent exposure, we measured blood Pb concentration. We collected occupational data on participants from 18 years of age until the age at enrollment, and an industrial hygienist determined the duration and intensity of environmental Pb exposure. We employed physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling to combine these data, and we estimated whole-body lifetime Pb exposures for each individual. Logistic regression analysis produced estimates of PD risk by quartile of lifetime Pb exposure.
- Research Organization:
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC05-76RL01830
- OSTI ID:
- 903258
- Report Number(s):
- PNNL-SA-53511; EVHPAZ; TRN: US200719%%530
- Journal Information:
- Environmental Health Perspectives, 114(12):1872-6, Vol. 114, Issue 12; ISSN 0091-6765
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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