Correction factors for the determination of bromine with NAA through the activation of {sup 79}Br
The study of environmental aerosol samples often includes analysis of the element bromine. This element is found in most environments and has both anthropogenic and natural sources. Bromine is a trace element in the uncontrolled particulate emissions of oil combustion at utilities, industrial processes with iron and steel, and also a by-product of gypsum production. A major source for bromine in urban areas has been auto emissions. In rural and remote areas, bromine quite often emanates from marine origin. In fact Bottenheim et al. have examined the depletion of ozone during the Arctic sunrise and its correlation to the increase of bromine. Neutron activation analysis (NAA) has been used as an elemental detection method in aerosol and other environmental samples for many elements including bromine. However, Tobler et al. indicated that corrections must be made in calculations of bromine concentrations due to the {sup 79}Br(n, {gamma}){sup 80m}Br {yields} {sup 80}Br reaction. The {sup 80m}Br has a half-life of 4.2 h, while {sup 80}Br has a half-life of 17.7 min. Since for short-lived NAA, the irradiation, decay, and counting times vary, it is desirable to have an equation that will account for the additional {sup 80}Br resulting from {sup 80m}Br. This equation may then be used in any NAA irradiation/decay/counting scheme. The derivation of such an equation, discussion of errors, and validation using experimental results are discussed in this paper.
- OSTI ID:
- 88959
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-941102-; ISSN 0003-018X; TRN: 95:004215-0023
- Journal Information:
- Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, Vol. 71; Conference: Winter meeting of the American Nuclear Society (ANS), Washington, DC (United States), 13-18 Nov 1994; Other Information: PBD: 1994
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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