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Method for reducing CO2, CO, NOX, and SOx emissions

Patent ·
OSTI ID:874712
 [1];  [2]
  1. Oak Ridge, TN
  2. Zhejiang, CH
+ Show Author Affiliations

Industrial combustion facilities are integrated with greenhouse gas-solidifying fertilizer production reactions so that CO.sub.2, CO, NO.sub.x, and SO.sub.x emissions can be converted prior to emission into carbonate-containing fertilizers, mainly NH.sub.4 HCO.sub.3 and/or (NH.sub.2).sub.2 CO, plus a small fraction of NH.sub.4 NO.sub.3 and (NH.sub.4).sub.2 SO.sub.4. The invention enhances sequestration of CO.sub.2 into soil and the earth subsurface, reduces N0.sub.3.sup.- contamination of surface and groundwater, and stimulates photosynthetic fixation of CO.sub.2 from the atmosphere. The method for converting CO.sub.2, CO, NO.sub.x, and SO.sub.x emissions into fertilizers includes the step of collecting these materials from the emissions of industrial combustion facilities such as fossil fuel-powered energy sources and transporting the emissions to a reactor. In the reactor, the CO.sub.2, CO, N.sub.2, SO.sub.x, and/or NO.sub.x are converted into carbonate-containing fertilizers using H.sub.2, CH.sub.4, or NH.sub.3. The carbonate-containing fertilizers are then applied to soil and green plants to (1) sequester inorganic carbon into soil and subsoil earth layers by enhanced carbonation of groundwater and the earth minerals, (2) reduce the environmental problem of NO.sub.3.sup.- runoff by substituting for ammonium nitrate fertilizer, and (3) stimulate photosynthetic fixation of CO.sub.2 from the atmosphere by the fertilization effect of the carbonate-containing fertilizers.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN
DOE Contract Number:
AC05-96OR22464
Assignee:
UT-Battelle, LLC (Oak Ridge, TN)
Patent Number(s):
US 6447437
OSTI ID:
874712
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (4)

Bioelectronics and biometallocatalysis for production of fuels and chemicals by photosynthetic water splitting journal September 1995
Two-bed catalytic system for NOx/SOx removal journal June 1998
Molecular Ionic Probes:  A New Class of Hill Reagents and Their Potential for Nanofabrication and Biometallocatalysis journal March 1998
Photosynthetic Water Splitting: In situ Photoprecipitation of Metallocatalysts for Photoevolution of Hydrogen and Oxygen journal May 1994

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Related Subjects

/588/71/405/423/
ammonium
andor
applied
atmosphere
carbon
carbonate-containing
carbonation
chsub4
co2
collecting
combustion
contamination
converted
converting
cosub2
earth
effect
emission
emissions
energy
energy source
enhanced
enhances
environmental
facilities
fertilization
fertilizer
fertilizers
fixation
fossil
fossil fuel
fraction
fuel-powered
gas-solidifying
green
greenhouse
groundwater
hcosub3
hsub2
industrial
inorganic
integrated
layers
mainly
materials
method
minerals
n0sub3sup-
nhsub2sub2
nhsub3
nhsub4
nhsub4sub2
nitrate
nosub3
nosub3sup-
nosubx
nox
nsub2
photosynthetic
plants
plus
prior
production
reactions
reactor
reduce
reduces
reducing
runoff
sequester
sequestration
soil
sosub4
sosubx
sources
sox
step
stimulate
stimulates
subsoil
substituting
subsurface
surface
transporting