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Title: In situ formation of phosphate barriers in soil

Patent ·
OSTI ID:874564
 [1]
  1. Edgewood, NM
+ Show Author Affiliations

Reactive barriers and methods for making reactive barriers in situ in soil for sequestering soil ontaminants including actinides and heavy metals. The barrier includes phosphate, and techniques are disclosed for forming specifically apatite barriers. The method includes injecting dilute reagents into soil in proximity to a contamination plume or source such as a waste drum to achieve complete or partial encapsulation of the waste. Controlled temperature and pH facilitates rapid formation of apatite, for example, where dilute aqueous calcium chloride and dilute aqueous sodium phosphate are the selected reagents. Mixing of reagents to form precipitate is mediated and enhanced through movement of reagents in soil as a result of phenomena including capillary action, movement of groundwater, soil washing and reagent injection pressure.

Research Organization:
Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), Albuquerque, NM, and Livermore, CA (United States)
DOE Contract Number:
AC04-94AL85000
Assignee:
Sandia Corporation (Albuquerque, NM)
Patent Number(s):
US 6416252
OSTI ID:
874564
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (9)

Immobilization of Uranium in Contaminated Sediments by Hydroxyapatite Addition journal December 1998
Sorption of uranium and other heavy metals on hydroxyapatite journal December 1995
In situ soil flushing using prefabricated vertical drains journal March 1996
Preparation of hydroxyapatite by the hydrolysis of brushite journal December 1987
Kinetics of Hydroxyapatite Formation at Low Temperature journal May 1991
Soil Heating for Enhanced Remediation of Chlorinated Solvents:  A Laboratory Study on Resistive Heating and Vapor Extraction in a Silty, Low-Permeable Soil Contaminated with Trichloroethylene journal May 1998
Immobilization of Actinides by Hydroxylapatite journal January 1991
Formation of hydroxyapatite at low supersaturation journal January 1976
Precipitation of calcium phosphate at 40° C from neutral solution journal December 1991

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Related Subjects

situ
formation
phosphate
barriers
soil
reactive
methods
sequestering
ontaminants
including
actinides
heavy
metals
barrier
techniques
disclosed
forming
specifically
apatite
method
injecting
dilute
reagents
proximity
contamination
plume
source
waste
drum
achieve
complete
partial
encapsulation
controlled
temperature
ph
facilitates
rapid
example
aqueous
calcium
chloride
sodium
selected
mixing
form
precipitate
mediated
enhanced
movement
result
phenomena
capillary
action
groundwater
washing
reagent
injection
pressure
capillary action
situ formation
/405/588/