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Nonaqueous electrolyte for electrical storage devices

Patent ·
OSTI ID:872574
 [1];  [2]
  1. Melrose, MA
  2. Waltham, MA
+ Show Author Affiliations

Improved nonaqueous electrolytes for application in electrical storage devices such as electrochemical capacitors or batteries are disclosed. The electrolytes of the invention contain salts consisting of alkyl substituted, cyclic delocalized aromatic cations, and their perfluoro derivatives, and certain polyatomic anions having a van der Waals volume less than or equal to 100 .ANG..sup.3, preferably inorganic perfluoride anions and most preferably PF.sub.6.sup.-, the salts being dissolved in organic liquids, and preferably alkyl carbonate solvents, or liquid sulfur dioxide or combinations thereof, at a concentration of greater than 0.5M and preferably greater than 1.0M. Exemplary electrolytes comprise 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate dissolved in a cyclic or acylic alkyl carbonate, or methyl formate, or a combination therof. These improved electrolytes have useful characteristics such as higher conductivity, higher concentration, higher energy storage capabilities, and higher power characteristics compared to prior art electrolytes. Stacked capacitor cells using electrolytes of the invention permit high energy, high voltage storage.

Research Organization:
Covalent Associates, Inc
DOE Contract Number:
FG02-96ER82149
Assignee:
Covalent Associates, Inc. (Woburn, MA)
Patent Number(s):
US 5965054
OSTI ID:
872574
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (16)

Electronically conducting polymers and activated carbon: Electrode materials in supercapacitor technology journal April 1996
The Electrolyte Factor in Supercapacitor Design and Performance: Conductivity, Ion Pairing and Solvation book December 1998
Hydrophobic, Highly Conductive Ambient-Temperature Molten Salts † journal January 1996
Structure of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate: model for room temperature molten salts journal January 1994
The Intrinsic Anodic Stability of Several Anions Comprising Solvent‐Free Ionic Liquids journal March 1996
The Performance and Stability of Ambient Temperature Molten Salts for Solar Cell Applications journal January 1996
Ionic Radius of  (  CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 C  −  and Applicability of Stokes Law to Its Propylene Carbonate Solution journal November 1996
Nonaqueous Electrolytes for Electrochemical Capacitors: Imidazolium Cations and Inorganic Fluorides with Organic Carbonates journal April 1997
The Interfacial Stability of Li with Two New Solvent‐Free Ionic Liquids: 1,2‐Dimethyl‐3‐propylimidazolium Imide and Methide journal July 1995
Electric Double‐Layer Capacitor Composed of Activated Carbon Fiber Cloth Electrodes and Solid Polymer Electrolytes Containing Alkylammonium Salts journal July 1994
Dual Intercalating Molten Electrolyte Batteries journal January 1994
Electrochemical Properties of Organic Liquid Electrolytes Based on Quaternary Onium Salts for Electrical Double-Layer Capacitors journal January 1994
Mobility and Ionic Association of Lithium and Quaternary Ammonium Salts in Propylene Carbonate and γ-Butyrolactone journal January 1994
Double Layer Capacitance and Charging Rate of Ultramicroporous Carbon Electrodes journal September 1977
New Electric Double‐Layer Capacitors Using Polymer Solid Electrolytes Containing Tetraalkylammonium Salts journal July 1993
New, Stable, Ambient-Temperature Molten Salts journal January 1992

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Related Subjects

/252/429/999/
0m
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