Refractory electrodes for joule heating and methods of using same

Patent · Wed Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 1997

OSTI ID:871536

Lamar, David A ^[1]; Chapman, Chris C ^[2]; Elliott, Michael L ^[3]

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1. West Richland, WA
2. Richland, WA
3. Kennewick, WA

A certain group of electrically conductive refractory materials presently known for use in high temperature applications as throat constructions, melter sidewalls, forehearth, stacks, port sills, hot face lining for slagging coal gasifiers, slag runners, and linings for nuclear waste encapsulation furnaces may be used as electrodes permitting joule heating at temperatures in excess of 1200 C. in excess of about 4400 hours even in the presence of transition group element(s). More specifically, the invention is an electrode for melting earthen materials, wherein the electrode is made from an electrically conductive refractory material, specifically at least one metal oxide wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of chrome, ruthenium, rhodium, tin and combinations thereof.

• Research Organization: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA
• DOE Contract Number: AC06-76RL01830
• Assignee: Battelle Memorial Institute (Richland, WA)
• Patent Number(s): US 5749932
• OSTI ID: 871536
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

/65/373/501/588/
1200
4400
applications
chrome
coal
coal gas
coal gasifier
combinations
conductive
conductive refractory
consisting
constructions
earthen
earthen material
electrically
electrically conductive
electrode
electrodes
element
encapsulation
excess
forehearth
furnaces
gasifiers
heating
hot
hours
joule
joule heating
lining
linings
material
materials
melter
melting
metal
metal oxide
methods
nuclear
nuclear waste
oxide
permitting
presence
presently
refractory
refractory material
refractory materials
rhodium
runners
ruthenium
selected
sidewalls
sills
slag
slagging
specifically
stacks
temperature
temperature application
temperature applications
temperatures
throat
transition
waste