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Chemical reactions in reverse micelle systems

Patent ·
OSTI ID:868895
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [2]
  1. Kennewick, WA
  2. Richland, WA
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This invention is directed to conducting chemical reactions in reverse micelle or microemulsion systems comprising a substantially discontinuous phase including a polar fluid, typically an aqueous fluid, and a microemulsion promoter, typically a surfactant, for facilitating the formation of reverse micelles in the system. The system further includes a substantially continuous phase including a non-polar or low-polarity fluid material which is a gas under standard temperature and pressure and has a critical density, and which is generally a water-insoluble fluid in a near critical or supercritical state. Thus, the microemulsion system is maintained at a pressure and temperature such that the density of the non-polar or low-polarity fluid exceeds the critical density thereof. The method of carrying out chemical reactions generally comprises forming a first reverse micelle system including an aqueous fluid including reverse micelles in a water-insoluble fluid in the supercritical state. Then, a first reactant is introduced into the first reverse micelle system, and a chemical reaction is carried out with the first reactant to form a reaction product. In general, the first reactant can be incorporated into, and the product formed in, the reverse micelles. A second reactant can also be incorporated in the first reverse micelle system which is capable of reacting with the first reactant to form a product.

Research Organization:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA; Department of the Army
Assignee:
Battelle Memorial Institute (Richland, WA)
Patent Number(s):
US 5238671
Application Number:
07/274,558
OSTI ID:
868895
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (4)

Reverse Micelle Supercritical Fluid Separations journal October 1988
Preparation Of Monodispersed Nickel Boride Catalysts Using Reversed Micellar Systems book January 1983
Reverse micelle supercritical fluid chromatography journal August 1987
Organized molecular assemblies in the gas phase: reverse micelles and microemulsions in supercritical fluids journal February 1987

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/423/516/
aqueous
aqueous fluid
capable
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carrying
chemical
chemical reaction
chemical reactions
comprises
comprises forming
comprising
conducting
conducting chemical
continuous
continuous phase
critical
critical density
density
directed
discontinuous
exceeds
facilitating
fluid
fluid material
form
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formed
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gas
including
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low-polarity
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micelle
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microemulsion
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near
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pressure
product
product formed
promoter
reactant
reacting
reaction
reaction product
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reverse
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standard
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substantially
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supercritical
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systems comprising
temperature
typically
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