Catalytic Cracking of Gaseous Heavy Hydrocarbons by Ceramic Filters
The use of syngas from waste or biomass gasification to generate electricity is a way which is attracting increasing attention especially with regard to the demands of regenerable energy consumption and to the reduction of waste disposal. In order to feed the syngas to a gas motor or a gas turbine the gas has to be cleaned. In future also the coupling of biomass gasification with a fuel cell will be applied, which needs a very efficient gas cleaning. The decomposition of tars and the removal of particles from the gas are the key issues of gas cleaning. Up to now these two steps are performed in two separate units. Normally, the tars are decomposed in catalytic beds or honeycomb structures. The catalytic decomposition is achieved at temperatures between 750 C and 900 C depending on the catalyst used. Particles are removed by filtration of the hot gas. Filtration at high temperatures and with high efficiencies is possible when using ceramic filter elements. Ceramic hot gas filters are well established in advanced coal gasification, such as the integrated gasification combined cycle process, as well as in waste and biomass gasification and pyrolysis processes. Since the catalytic reaction requires high temperatures the gas has to be reheated after the particles are removed in the filter or the hot unfiltered gas has to flow through the catalytic unit. If the gas is filtered first, reheating of the gas stream is an additional cost factor. Furthermore, pipes downstream of the filter can be plugged, if the temperature of the gas falls below the condensation temperature of the heavy hydrocarbons. Using the second way of hot unfiltered gas flows through the catalytic unit, there is the problem of deactivation of the catalyst by deposition of dust at higher dust concentrations. At worst the catalytic unit can be plugged by dust deposition.
- Research Organization:
- USF SCHUMACHER Umwelt- und, Trenntechnik GmbH, Postfach 15 62, D-74555 Crailsheim (DE)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- none (US)
- OSTI ID:
- 836408
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
02 PETROLEUM
09 BIOMASS FUELS
20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS
30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION
BIOMASS
BIOMASS GASIFICATION
CATALYSIS
CATALYSTS
CATALYTIC CRACKING
CERAMIC FILTER
CERAMICS
CLEANING
COAL GASIFICATION
COMBINED CYCLES
ENERGY CONSUMPTION
FUEL CELLS
GAS FILTRATION
GAS FLOW
GAS TURBINES
HONEYCOMB STRUCTURES
HYDROCARBONS
PYROLYSIS
TAR CRACKING
WASTE DISPOSAL