Decomposition of PCBs in Oils Using Gamma Radiolysis A Treatability Study - Final Report
- Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory
Several legacy hydraulic oil waste streams contaminated with Aroclor 1260 and small amounts of Cesium-137 have been in storage at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) due to the lack of appropriate treatment facilities. The goal of this study was to demonstrate that polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) could be selectively decomposed in the oils. Removal of the PCB component to less than the 2 mg/L treatment standard should result in a waste oil that is not regulated by the Toxic Substances Control Act. Irradiation of the oils with high gamma-ray doses produces free electrons in the solution that react with PCBs. The reaction results in dechlorination of the PCBs to produce biphenyl. The gamma-ray source was spent reactor fuel stored in the Advanced Test Reactor canal at the INEL. A dry tube extends into the canal which allowed for positioning of samples in the proximity of the fuel. The gamma-ray dose rates at the samples varied from 10 to 30 kGy/h. This was measured using commercially available FWT-60 dosimeters. Irradiation of samples in a series of progressively increasing absorbed doses allowed the generation of rate constants used to predict absorbed doses necessary to meet the 2 mg/kg treatment standard. Three separate irradiation experiments were performed. The first irradiation used a maximum absorbed dose of 183 kGy. This experiment demonstrated that the PCB concentration decreased and allowed calculation of preliminary rate constants. The second irradiation used a maximum absorbed dose of 760 kGy. From this experiment, accurate rate constants were calculated, and the necessary absorbed dose to achieve the treatment standard was calculated. In the third irradiation of 2,242 kGy, all three waste streams were adequately decontaminated.
- Research Organization:
- Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID (US)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Environmental Management (EM) (US)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC07-94ID13223
- OSTI ID:
- 768774
- Report Number(s):
- INEL-96/0276
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
ABSORBED DOSE
CESIUM 137
CESIUM-137
DECHLORINATION
DECOMPOSED
DOSE RATES
GAMMA SOURCES
GAMMA-RAY
HYDRAULIC FLUIDS
HYDRAULIC OIL
IDAHO NATIONAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY
IRRADIATION
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
RADIOACTIVE WASTE PROCESSING
RADIOLYSIS
RATE CONSTANTS
SPENT FUELS
WASTE OILS
WASTE PRODUCT UTILIZATION
WASTESTREAMS