Graft polymerization of styrene onto starch by simultaneous cobalt-60 irradiation

Journal Article · Tue Feb 01 04:00:00 EST 1977 · J. Appl. Polym. Sci.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1977.070210209· OSTI ID:7326276

Fanta, G F; Burr, R C; Doane, W M; Russell, C R

Starch-g-polystyrene copolymers have been prepared by the simultaneous /sup 60/Co irradiation of starch--styrene mixtures, and copolymers have been characterized with respect to weight per cent polystyrene (% add-on) and also the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of polystyrene grafts. In a typical polymerization, 4g each of starch and styrene were blended with 1 ml water and 1.5 ml of an organic solvent; the resulting semisolid paste was irradiated to a total dose of 1 Mrad. With ethylene glycol, acetonitrile, ethanol, methanol, acetone, and dimethylformamide as the organic solvent, values for % add-on ranged from 24% to 29%. The highest % add-on (43%) and the highest conversion of styrene to grafted polymer (76%) were obtained when the organic solvent was omitted, and water alone was used. When water was also omitted, polymerization of styrene was negligible; however, graft copolymer was formed in the absence of water when either ethylene glycol or ethanol was added. Attempts were unsuccessful to achieve a % add-on greater than 43% by doubling the amount of styrene in the polymerization recipe. Mixtures of equal weights of starch and styrene are relatively nonviscous, but these mixtures thicken when either water or ethylene glycol is blended in. Reasons for this thickening action and the possible influence of thickening on the graft polymerization reaction were explored.

• Research Organization: Dept. of Agriculture, Peoria, IL
• OSTI ID: 7326276
• Journal Information: J. Appl. Polym. Sci.; (United States), Journal Name: J. Appl. Polym. Sci.; (United States) Vol. 21:2; ISSN JAPNA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
400600* -- Radiation Chemistry
AROMATICS
CARBOHYDRATES
CHEMICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMISTRY
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
GAMMA RADIATION
GRAFT POLYMERS
HYDROCARBONS
IONIZING RADIATIONS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC POLYMERS
POLYMERIZATION
POLYMERS
POLYSACCHARIDES
RADIATION CHEMISTRY
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATIONS
REAGENTS
SACCHARIDES
STARCH
STYRENE