Mass transfer model of halogen doped incandescent lamps with application to the W--O--Br system
A mass transfer model of halogen doped incandescent lamps is formulated. In this model, the transport processes occurring in these lamps are represented by diffusion and counter diffusion of gaseous species across the stagnant boundary layer surrounding the filament with simultaneous reactions at the bulb wall and the filament. The model is applied to the 500 watt-120 volt-T3 quartz halogen lamp geometry in which the initial gas phase is argon with small concentrations of oxygen and bromine. The tungsten flux from wall to filament and vice versa and, thus, the conditions of wall blackening are calculated as a function of the initial bromine and oxygen content, filament and wall temperature, total pressure and wall condensate, i.e., W(s), WO/sub 2/(s), and WO/sub 3/(s).
- Research Organization:
- Westinghouse Research Labs., Pittsburgh
- OSTI ID:
- 7321867
- Journal Information:
- Metall. Trans., A; (United States), Vol. 7:8
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
TUNGSTEN
OXIDATION
TUNGSTEN OXIDES
MASS TRANSFER
BROMINE ADDITIONS
DIFFUSION
DOPED MATERIALS
FILAMENTS
LIGHT SOURCES
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
REACTION KINETICS
TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE
WIRES
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
ELEMENTS
KINETICS
METALS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
RADIATION SOURCES
REFRACTORY METALS
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
TUNGSTEN COMPOUNDS
360105* - Metals & Alloys- Corrosion & Erosion
360204 - Ceramics
Cermets
& Refractories- Physical Properties