Energy requirements for refinery wastewater treatment systems
Energy requirements in any wastewater treatment are substantial and can vary in horsepower per thousand gallons of treated wastewater depending on the type of treatment process, type and concentration of contaminant. Wastewater treatment processes require energy for mixing, pumping, dissolution of oxygen and/or other gasses, concentration of contaminants, dewatering of solids, evaporation of water and destruction of organic materials and sludges. Energy may be introduced into the process in the form of electrical, mechanical or heat. This presentation is primarily concerned with those treatment processes applied to petroleum refinery wastewaters. The contaminants present in these wastewaters include a wide variety of biodegradable and nonbiodegradable organics including oils and greases, ammonia, cyanides, heavy metals, acids, alkalies and suspended solids. Local treatment of selected wastewater streams, water management practices, segregation of contaminated and non-contaminated storm waters, recycle and reuse, waste treatment processes employed and source water treatment all have a major bearing on the overall energy requirements in any given application. Types of treatment processes discussed include solids separation by filtration, sedimentation and dissolved air flotation; principal biological systems with various types of mixing and aeration devices. Effects of pretreatment and intermediate treatment in energy conservation in secondary systems and ultimate disposal methods are discussed.
- Research Organization:
- Williams Brothers Waste Control, Inc., Tulsa, OK
- OSTI ID:
- 7318418
- Journal Information:
- Proc., Am. Pet. Inst., Sect. 3; (United States), Vol. 55; Conference: 41. midyear meeting of the refining department of the American Petroleum Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 12 May 1976
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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