Geochemical prediction of aquifer temperatures in the geothermal system at Long Valley, California. [160/sup 0/ to 219/sup 0/C]
Temperatures of aquifers feeding thermal springs and wells in Long Valley, California were estimated using silica and Na--K--Ca geothermometers and warm spring mixing models. The results ranged from 160 to 219/sup 0/C. This information was then used to construct a diagram showing enthalpy-chloride relationships for the various thermal waters in the Long Valley region. The enthalpy-chloride information suggests that a 282/sup 0/C aquifer with water containing about 375 milligrams chloride per kilogram of water is present somewhere deep in the system. That deep water would be related to 219/sup 0/C Casa Diablo water by mixing with cold water, and to 201/sup 0/C Hot Creek water by boiling and steam loss. Oxygen and deuterium isotopic data are consistent with this interpretation. An aquifer at 282/sup 0/C with 375 mg/kg chloride allows the estimated convective heat flow in Long Valley to be increased from 4.3 x 10/sup 7/ to 6.6 x 10/sup 7/ cal/sec.
- Research Organization:
- Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 7307110
- Report Number(s):
- USGS-OFR-76-469
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
150302* -- Geothermal Exploration & Exploration Technology-- Geochemical Techniques & Surveys
AQUIFERS
CALIFORNIA
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMISTRY
CHLORIDES
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
CONVECTION
CRYOGENIC FLUIDS
DEUTERIUM
ELEMENTS
ENERGY TRANSFER
ENTHALPY
EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI
FLUIDS
GEOCHEMICAL SURVEYS
GEOCHEMISTRY
GEOTHERMAL FIELDS
GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
GEOTHERMOMETRY
Geothermal Legacy
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HEAT FLUX
HEAT TRANSFER
HOT SPRINGS
HYDROGEN
HYDROGEN ISOTOPES
HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS
ISOTOPE RATIO
ISOTOPES
KGRA
LIGHT NUCLEI
LONG VALLEY
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
MINERALS
MIXING
NONMETALS
NORTH AMERICA
NUCLEI
ODD-ODD NUCLEI
OXIDES
OXYGEN 16
OXYGEN 18
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN ISOTOPES
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
SILICA
SILICON COMPOUNDS
SILICON OXIDES
STABLE ISOTOPES
TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT
THERMAL SPRINGS
THERMAL WATERS
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
USA
WESTERN REGION