Steam-Co sub 2 flooding; An experimental study

Journal Article · Wed Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1992 · In Situ; (United States)

OSTI ID:7296600

Guemrah, F; Okandan, E ^[1]

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1. Middle East Technical Univ., Petroleum Engineering Dept., 06531, Ankara (TR)

This paper discusses research on the use of the combined steam-CO{sub 2} injection process which was conducted in linear and three-dimensional unscaled laboratory models to determine the performance of limestone reservoirs of the Turkish oil fields, Garzan, Bati Raman and Camurlu. This study was carried out to evaluate the benefits of CO{sub 2} addition to steam on the recovery of 24{degrees} API, 12{degrees} API and 10.6{degrees} API gravity oils. The linear test indicated that the oil recovery increased with increasing CO{sub 2}/steam ratios until an optimum value was reached. The optimum ratio was different for different oils. The lighter-oil fractions are termed condensate in this work. The production of condensate increased with increasing CO{sub 2} concentration and API gravity. However, emulsion formation was pronounced when CO{sub 2} was present in the injected steam. The densities of the condensate collected were lower than that obtained in the steam only case, which indicated a better distillation effect and stripping of in-situ crude. The presence of CO{sub 2} accelerated steam breakthrough. The correlation between residual oil saturation and oil-to-water viscosity ratio at saturated steam conditions indicated residual oil was dependent on oil viscosity. The main recovery mechanism was steam drive, and the secondary forces were steam distillation, stripping effect of CO{sub 2}, viscosity reduction and gas drive effect. A natural source of CO{sub 2} is available close to the oil fields, so this process may improve the economics of steam recovery of heavy oils in these oil fields.

• OSTI ID: 7296600
• Journal Information: In Situ; (United States), Journal Name: In Situ; (United States) Vol. 16:2; ISSN 0019-3267; ISSN ISOMD
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

02 PETROLEUM
020300* -- Petroleum-- Drilling & Production
023000 -- Petroleum-- Properties & Composition
CARBON DIOXIDE INJECTION
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
COLLOIDS
CONDENSATES
DATA
DISPERSIONS
DRILLING
EMULSIONS
ENERGY SOURCES
ENHANCED RECOVERY
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
FLUID INJECTION
FLUID MECHANICS
FLUIDS
FOSSIL FUELS
FUEL OILS
FUELS
GAS CONDENSATES
GEOLOGIC DEPOSITS
INFORMATION
LIQUID FUELS
LIQUIDS
MECHANICS
MINERAL RESOURCES
MISCIBLE-PHASE DISPLACEMENT
NATURAL GAS LIQUIDS
NUMERICAL DATA
OIL FIELDS
OIL SATURATION
OIL WELLS
PETROLEUM
PETROLEUM DEPOSITS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
RESERVOIR ROCK
RESIDUAL FUELS
RESOURCES
SATURATION
STEAM INJECTION
STIMULATION
VISCOSITY
WELL DRILLING
WELL STIMULATION
WELLS