Water pollution potential of spent oil shale residues. [From USBM, UOC, and TOSCO processes]
Physical properties, including porosity, permeability, particle size distribution, and density of spent shale from three different retorting operations, (TOSCO, USBM, and UOC) have been determined. Slurry experiments were conducted on each of the spent shales and the slurry analyzed for leachable dissolved solids. Percolation experiments were conducted on the TOSCO spent shale and the quantities of dissolved solids leachable determined. The concentrations of the various ionic species in the initial leachate from the column were high. The major constituents, SO/sub 4//sup 2 -/ and Na/sup +/, were present in concentrations of 90,000 and 35,000 mg/l in the initial leachate; however the succeeding concentrations dropped markedly during the course of the experiment. A computer program was utilized to predict equilibrium concentrations in the leachate from the column. The extent of leaching and erosion of spent shale and the composition and concentration of natural drainage from spent shale have been determined using oil shale residue and simulated rainfall. Concentrations in the runoff from the spent shale have been correlated with runoff rate, precipitation intensity, flow depth, application time, slope, and water temperature. 18 tables, 32 figures.
- Research Organization:
- Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 7255885
- Report Number(s):
- NP-22125
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
SPENT SHALES
LEACHING
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
WATER POLLUTION
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
DENSITY
EROSION
GROUND WATER
OIL SHALES
PARTICLE SIZE
PERMEABILITY
POROSITY
RETORTING
SLURRIES
SODIUM COMPOUNDS
SULFATES
SURFACE WATERS
TOSCO PROCESS
ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS
BITUMINOUS MATERIALS
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
DISPERSIONS
DISSOLUTION
ENERGY SOURCES
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
METAMORPHIC ROCKS
MIXTURES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
POLLUTION
ROCKS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SHALES
SIZE
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
SUSPENSIONS
WATER
041000* - Oil Shales & Tar Sands- Environmental Aspects
520200 - Environment
Aquatic- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (-1989)