Surface science studies of electrochemical energy storage devices
Using ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) surface and electrochemical techniques, three interfacial systems have been studied, including KOH/Ni (111), CO[sub 2]/K/Ag(111) and THF/Li interfaces, which were associated with electrochemical energy storage devices. Desorption of CO[sub 2] on K-dosed Ag(111) was investigated using temperature desorption (TPD), Auger electron (AES), x-ray photoelectron (XPS), work function measurements, and high resolution electron energy loss (HREELS) spectroscopies. The TPD spectra on CO[sub 2]-saturated K/Ag(111) exhibited a sharply defined m/e = 44 peak at 796 K with no evidence for desorption of CO at any temperature. An oligomeric CO[sub 2] chain model was proposed to explain the desorption feature. Adventitious water and oxygen in the system and/or defect sites in the Ag(111) crystal gave rise to an additional m/e = 44 peak at much higher temperature, which was attributed to the formation of ordinary carbonate. Electrochemical properties of Ni(111) prepared and characterized in UHV were examined in 0.1 M KOH by cyclic voltammetry using an UHV-electrochemistry transfer system. A saturation coverage (0.5) of CO was used to protect the Ni(111) from possible contamination during the transfer. The results indicated that the CO layer remained intact up to the moment of contact with the electrolyte and could be further electro-oxidized. Only one monolayer of Ni metal was involved in the electrochemically formed film in the first voltammetric cycle and less than two monolayers upon repeated cycling. Surfaces which were not protected by CO displayed the same behavior. The reaction of THF (tetrahydrofuran) with Li was studied. THF adsorbed on deposited Li films with partial dissociation, yielding less than a monolayer mixture of THF and dissociated products on the surface. It was observed that Li diffused into Ag above room temperature. The electron beam in AES and x-rays in XPS caused severe damage to THF.
- Research Organization:
- Case Western Reserve Univ., Cleveland, OH (United States)
- OSTI ID:
- 7234526
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: Thesis (Ph.D.)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
37 INORGANIC
ORGANIC
PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
CARBON DIOXIDE
DESORPTION
FILMS
ENERGY STORAGE
SURFACE PROPERTIES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DISSOCIATION
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
INTERFACES
LITHIUM
NICKEL
POTASSIUM HYDROXIDES
SILVER
SURFACES
TETRAHYDROFURAN
ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS
ALKALI METALS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON OXIDES
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMISTRY
ELEMENTS
FURANS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROXIDES
METALS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
POTASSIUM COMPOUNDS
SORPTION
STORAGE
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
250800* - Energy Storage- Chemical
360602 - Other Materials- Structure & Phase Studies
400400 - Electrochemistry