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Design and performance of the Champion pilot-constructed wetland treatment system

Journal Article · · Tappi Journal; (United States)
OSTI ID:7199698
 [1]; ;  [2]
  1. CH2M Hill, Gainesville, FL (United States)
  2. Champion International Corp., West Nyack, NY (United States)
Pilot wetlands were built at Champion International Corp.'s Pensacola, FL, bleached kraft paper mill to evaluate the potential for final effluent polishing. The pilot wetlands began operation July 1, 1991. Monitoring ended June 30, 1993. Removal rates and outflow concentrations for five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD[sub 5]), total suspended solids (TSS), ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) depended most on hydraulic loading rates (HLRs). Two-year average removal efficiencies for these constituents were above 67%. Slight color and total dissolved solids reductions were seen at the lower HLRs tested. Deep zones enhanced flow distribution, increase hydraulic residence time, and significantly increased pollutant assimilation in the pilot wetlands. The wetland cells reduced or eliminated chronic toxicity to cladocerans and fathead minnows. The most suitable plant species in the wetland were cattails, bulrush, and sawgrass.
OSTI ID:
7199698
Journal Information:
Tappi Journal; (United States), Journal Name: Tappi Journal; (United States) Vol. 77:5; ISSN TAJODT; ISSN 0734-1415
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English