Linear and geometrically nonlinear p-version three-dimensional curved-shell element for isotropic, generally orthotropic, and laminated composite materials
A completely hierarchical p-version nine-node curved-shell element is developed for isotropic, orthotropic, and laminated composite material behavior for both linear static and geometrically nonlinear analysis. The element approximation functions and the corresponding nodal variables are derived directly from the Lagrange family of three-dimensional solid elements. The element geometry is described by the coordinates of the nodes located at the middle surface of the element and the nodal vectors. The simplicity of the p-version models and therefore economy in modeling resulting from the use of these elements when compared with h-models is quite obvious, even from the relatively simple geometries used in this study. All numerical examples presented show good convergence of the quadratic functional, displacements and stresses as the p-level is increased.
- Research Organization:
- Kansas Univ., Lawrence, KS (United States)
- OSTI ID:
- 7164529
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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