Rabbit lung after combined exposure to soluble cobalt and trivalent chromium

Journal Article · Mon Jun 01 04:00:00 EDT 1992 · Environmental Research; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-9351(05)80206-3· OSTI ID:7159289

Johansson, A ^[1]; Curstedt, T ^[2]; Rasool, O; Jarstrand, C ^[3]; Camner, P ^[4]

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1. Karolinska Inst., Stockholm (Sweden) Univ. of Stockholm (Sweden)
2. Univ. of Stockholm (Sweden)
3. Huddinge Hospital, Stockholm (Sweden)
4. Inst. of Environmental Medicine, Stockholm (Sweden)

Eight rabbits were exposed to 0.7 {plus minus} 0.4 mg/g{sup 3} Co{sup 2+} as CoCl{sub 2} and 1.2 {plus minus} 0.7 mg/m{sup 3} Cr{sup 3+} as Cr(NO{sub 3}){sub 3} (group Co + Cr) eight to 0.6 {plus minus} 0.5 mg/m{sup 3} Co{sup 2+} (group Co), and eight to filtered air (control group), for 4 months, 5 days/week, and 6 hr/day. All rabbits in group Co + Cr and group Co showed nodular aggregation of alveolar epithelial type II cells. Volume density of the type II cells was significantly higher in group Co + Cr than in group Co and the control group. There was intraalveolar macrophage accumulation in seven rabbits in group Co + Cr, one in group Co, and on in the control group. In lavage fluid the numbers of macrophages and the percentage of these cells with smooth surface and intracellular surfactant-like inclusions were more increased in group Co + Cr than in group Co as were oxidative metabolic and phagocytic activities of the macrophages. Total phospholipids, phosphatidylcholines, and especially 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine were markedly increased in group Co + Cr whereas only 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine was slightly increased in group Co. One mechanism behind the high amount of surfactant phospholipids in group Co + Cr seems to be an enhanced production of surfactant by the type II cells. Another mechanism is probably that Cr{sup 3+} reduces the capacity of alveolar macrophages to catabolize surfactant. The results imply that it is important to investigate effects of combinations of cobalt and chromium in the occupational environment.

• OSTI ID: 7159289
• Journal Information: Environmental Research; (United States), Journal Name: Environmental Research; (United States) Vol. 58:1; ISSN ENVRA; ISSN 0013-9351
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560300* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
BODY
CHLORIDES
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
CHROMIUM
CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS
CHROMIUM NITRATES
COBALT
COBALT CHLORIDES
COBALT COMPOUNDS
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
ELEMENTS
ESTERS
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
INHALATION
INTAKE
LIPIDS
LUNGS
MACROPHAGES
MAMMALS
METALS
NITRATES
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
PHAGOCYTES
PHOSPHOLIPIDS
RABBITS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
SOMATIC CELLS
SURFACTANTS
TOXICITY
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
VALENCE
VERTEBRATES