Advanced studies in chemistry control with morpholine

Technical Report · Wed Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 1992

OSTI ID:7112296

Riddle, J M ^[1]; Allmon, W E; Nolan, N W; Nolan, C R ^[2]

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1. ed.
2. NUS Corp., Pittsburgh, PA (United States)

Prior studies at Beaver Valley Unit 1 and at Prairie Island found that the substitution of morpholine for ammonia reduced corrosion and iron transport in the feedtrain of pressurized water reactors. The benefits of using morpholine encouraged other utilities to consider morpholine water chemistry. Calvert Cliffs Unit 1 was the first domestic PWR with deep-bed condensate polishers to use morpholine water chemistry. Typically a bed is operated in the hydrogen cycle for eight to ten days, followed by an additional 25 days in the morpholine cycle. Morpholine reduced feedwater iron levels by 28 percent. With morpholine treatment at Calvert Cliffs Unit 1, corrosion product transport in feedwater was reduced by a factor of 1.3 -- 1.4. Morpholine treatment at higher levels at Prairie Island Unit 2 provided a factor of 2.3 reduction in feedwater iron transport, in agreement with data from Electricity de France. EdF data show that the factor increases as the pH for ammonia chemistry is reduced from 9.5. When possible, the factors were compared at a pH of 9.2 for morpholine at room temperature. Aqueous solutions of morpholine thermally decompose at increasing rates with temperature above about 288{degree}C (550{degree}F). Oxygen and several metal oxides appear to increase the rate of decomposition to a small extent. Acetate, formate, and various amines, including ammonia, are the principal decomposition products.

• Research Organization: Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, CA (United States); NUS Corp., Pittsburgh, PA (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: EPRI; Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, CA (United States)
• OSTI ID: 7112296
• Report Number(s): EPRI-TR-100758
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS
210100* -- Power Reactors
Nonbreeding
Light-Water Moderated
Boiling Water Cooled
AMINES
AMMONIA
BEAVER VALLEY-1 REACTOR
BOILERS
CALVERT CLIFFS-1 REACTOR
CHEMISTRY
COOLING SYSTEMS
CORROSION PRODUCTS
ELEMENTS
ENRICHED URANIUM REACTORS
ETHERS
FEEDWATER
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDRAZINE
HYDRIDES
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
ION EXCHANGE
IRON
METALS
MONITORING
MORPHOLINES
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN HYDRIDES
NONMETALS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
POWER REACTORS
PRAIRIE ISLAND-2 REACTOR
PWR TYPE REACTORS
REACTOR COMPONENTS
REACTOR COOLING SYSTEMS
REACTORS
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STEAM GENERATORS
THERMAL REACTORS
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
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WATER CHEMISTRY
WATER COOLED REACTORS
WATER MODERATED REACTORS