Magnetism in californium
A SQUID-based magnetic susceptometer has been constructed for studying small radioactive samples at temperatures below 350 K and in magnetic fields up to 50 kilogauss. The device has been used to study californium (element 98) in a number of solid-state forms: the dhcp metal, several oxides (Cf/sub 2/O/sub 3/ in both the bcc and monoclinic structures, Cf/sub 7/O/sub 12/, CfO/sub 2/ and BaCfO/sub 3/), several monopnictides (CfN, CfAs and CfSb) and the trichloride (in both the hexagonal and orthorhombic structures). All of these materials were studied in polycrystalline form, and hexagonal CfCl/sub 3/ was studied in single-crystal form as well. The susceptometer has the sensitivity to measure samples containing less than 10 micrograms of californium. The magnetic susceptibilities of all of the californium materials at temperatures above about 100 K are described well by the Curie-Weiss relationship. This behavior is consistent with the assumption that the magnetic 5f electrons are localized and that the paramagnetic behavior can be interpreted in terms of the properties of the free ion. The measured values of the effective paramagnetic moment, ..mu../sub eff/, for all the californium materials that were studied are reasonably consistent with theoretical values based on intermediate coupling models. All of the californium materials showed some indications of cooperative magnetic effects. The dhcp metal was observed to order ferromagnetically at 52 K, and all of the californium compounds studied showed signs of antiferromagnetic ordering, mostly at temperatures below 25 K. 91 refs., 50 figs., 19 tabs.
- Research Organization:
- Tennessee Univ., Knoxville (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- FG05-88ER13834
- OSTI ID:
- 7092129
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/ER/13834-3; ON: DE88017250
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
360104* -- Metals & Alloys-- Physical Properties
ACTINIDE COMPOUNDS
ACTINIDES
CALIFORNIUM
CALIFORNIUM CHLORIDES
CALIFORNIUM COMPOUNDS
CALIFORNIUM IONS
CALIFORNIUM OXIDES
CHALCOGENIDES
CHARGED PARTICLES
CHLORIDES
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
COUPLING
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS
ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE
ELEMENTS
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
INTERMEDIATE COUPLING
IONS
L-S COUPLING
MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY
MATRIX ELEMENTS
METALS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE
TRANSPLUTONIUM COMPOUNDS
TRANSPLUTONIUM ELEMENTS
TRANSURANIUM COMPOUNDS
TRANSURANIUM ELEMENTS