Effect of cadmium on fungi and on interactions between fungi and bacteria in soil: influence of clay minerals and pH

Journal Article · Sun May 01 04:00:00 EDT 1977 · Appl. Environ. Microbiol.; (United States)

OSTI ID:7086649

Babich, H; Stotzky, G

Fungi (Rhizopus stolonifer, Trichoderma viride, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans, Cunninghamella echinulata, and several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium) tolerated higher concentrations of cadmium (Cd) when grown in soil than when grown on laboratory media, indicating that soil mitigated the toxic effects of Cd. In soil amended with clay minerals, montmorillonite provided partial or total protection against fungistatic effects of Cd, whereas additions of kaolinite provided little or no protection. Growth rates of Aspergillus niger were inhibited to a greater extent by 100 or 250 ..mu..g of Cd per g in soil adjusted to pH 7.2 than in the same soil at its natural pH of 5.1. However, there were no differences in the growth rates of Aspergillus fischeri with 100 or 250 ..mu..g of Cd per g in the same soil, whether at pH 5.1 or adjusted to pH 7.2. Growth of A. niger and A. fischeri in a soil contaminated with a low concentration of Cd (i.e., 28 ..mu..g/g), obtained from a site near a Japanese smelter, did not differ significantly from growth in a soil collected some distance away and containing 4 ..mu..g of Cd per g. Growth of A. niger in sterile soil amended with 100 ..mu..g of Cd per g and inoculated with Bacillus cereus or Agrobacterium tumefaciens was reduced to a greater extent than in the same soil containing 100 ..mu..g of Cd per g but no bacteria. The inhibitory effects of Agrobacterium radiobacter to A. niger were slightly reduced in the presence of 100 ..mu..g of Cd per g, whereas the inhibitory effects of Serratia marcescens were enhanced.

• Research Organization: New York Univ.
• OSTI ID: 7086649
• Journal Information: Appl. Environ. Microbiol.; (United States), Journal Name: Appl. Environ. Microbiol.; (United States) Vol. 33:5; ISSN AEMID
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560302* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Microorganisms-- (-1987)
560303 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Plants-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ALUMINIUM COMPOUNDS
ALUMINIUM SILICATES
ASIA
BACTERIA
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOMASS
CADMIUM
CLAYS
CONTAMINATION
CULTURE MEDIA
ELEMENTS
ENERGY SOURCES
FUNGI
GROWTH
INHIBITION
INOCULATION
INORGANIC ION EXCHANGERS
ION EXCHANGE MATERIALS
JAPAN
KAOLINITE
METALS
MICROORGANISMS
MINERALS
MONTMORILLONITE
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PH VALUE
PLANTS
QUANTITY RATIO
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
SILICATES
SILICON COMPOUNDS
SMELTING
SOILS
STERILIZATION
TOLERANCE
TOXICITY