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The hydroboration of silylacetylenes. The silyl-Markovnikov hydroboration route to pure (Z)-1-(2-borylvinyl)silanes and. beta. -keto silanes

Journal Article · · Journal of the American Chemical Society; (USA)
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00195a046· OSTI ID:7072453
; ;  [1]
  1. Univ. of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras (Puerto Rico)

The regiochemistry and stoichiometry of the hydroboration of simple 1-silylacetylenes with 9-borabicyclo(3.3.1)nonane (9-BBN) was examined in detail. (Trimethylsilyl)acetylene (1c) results in only {beta}-mono- and dihydroboration products, behavior common to nonsilylated terminal acetylenes. It is less reactive than its alkyl counterparts toward 9-BBN. it was also demonstrated that (1-trimethylsilyl)alkynes form ({alpha}-borylvinyl)silanes, similar to 1-alkynes, but they are much less reactive. Clean monohydroboration of these silylacetylenes is achieved only with a bulk (e.g. t-Bu) group at the C-2 position. However, compared to 1-alkynes, their dihydrobration products differ markedly, with the former giving 1,2-diboryl compounds, while the latter results in 1,1-diboryl adducts. (Triethyl- and tert-butyldimethylsilyl)propynes exhibit similar reactivity to that of the analogous trimethylsilyl derivative. The triisopropylsilyl group was found to not only completely suppress dihydroboration but also gave exclusively (Z)-({beta}-borylvinyl)silane adducts (9{beta}). Oxidation of 9{beta} produces the corresponding {beta}-keto silanes (12) in excellent yields (i.e. 83-90%). The bulky (triethyl- and tert-butyldimethylsilyl)propyne hydroboration products were found to be thermally unstable with the initially formed ({alpha}-borylvinyl)silanes isomerizing to {alpha}/{beta} mixtures through their 1,2-diboryl diadducts (10). Heating 10 produces (3,3-diborylpropyl)silanes (14). Oxidation of the triethylsilyl compound 14b affords the corresponding {gamma}-silylpropanol (15b). The complete characterization of the intermediate organoboranes by 75-MHz {sup 13}C NMR was achieved. A detailed discussion of the phenomena involved is presented. The observed results are attributed primarily to the additional steric effects imposed on an unsaturated system by a trialkylsilyl group when compared to a hydrogen atom at that position.

OSTI ID:
7072453
Journal Information:
Journal of the American Chemical Society; (USA), Journal Name: Journal of the American Chemical Society; (USA) Vol. 111:13; ISSN 0002-7863; ISSN JACSA
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English