Enhanced ceria solid-electrolyte fuel-cell development. Reduction of electronic conductivity permits use of a solid ceria electrolyte in high-efficiency high-power-density fuel cells at temperatures compatible with metallic cell hardware. Quarterly interim report No. 5 for period ending September 1989
The high operating temperature of zirconia based solid oxide fuel cells has been shown in many studies to have advantages for both space and terrestrial applications. The high heat rejection temperature minimizes radiator size and weight for high atmospheric and space applications. Mobile and stationary terrestrial applications take advantage of a cell temperature high enough to directly reform hydro-carbon fuels, achieving high efficiency and energy density. Government funded solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) efforts are concentrated on the monolithic and tubular cell designs employing zirconia as the oxide ion conduction membrane. Zirconia requires an operating temperature of 1000 C to achieve adequate electrolyte conductivity. All-ceramic cell structures are used in both cases, leading to fragile, failure prone cells, and manufacturing steps which are difficult to scale up and costly. IFC's molten carbonate fuel cell development demonstrates the reliability of ductile sheet metal parts used for gas flow fields, separator plates, and frames in the 650 C temperature range. Ceria doped with gadolinium has ionic conductivity at 700 C comparable to zirconia at 1000 C. At 700 C a variety of stainless steels offer acceptable strength and oxidation resistance for use as cell hardware.
- Research Organization:
- International Fuel Cells Corp., South Windsor, CT (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 7065289
- Report Number(s):
- AD-A-219297/9/XAB; FCR-10815
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
FUEL CELLS
DESIGN
USES
CERAMICS
CORROSION RESISTANCE
DENSITY
DUCTILITY
EARTH ATMOSPHERE
EARTH PLANET
EFFICIENCY
ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY
ELECTROLYTES
ELECTRONS
ENERGY
FAILURES
FUELS
GAS FLOW
HIGH TEMPERATURE
HYDROCARBONS
IONS
MEMBRANES
METALS
PLATES
PROGRESS REPORT
REDUCTION
RELIABILITY
SOLIDS
SPACE
STAINLESS STEELS
ZIRCONIUM OXIDES
ALLOYS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHARGED PARTICLES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DIRECT ENERGY CONVERTERS
DOCUMENT TYPES
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
ELEMENTS
FERMIONS
FLUID FLOW
HIGH ALLOY STEELS
IRON ALLOYS
IRON BASE ALLOYS
LEPTONS
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
PLANETS
STEELS
TENSILE PROPERTIES
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
ZIRCONIUM COMPOUNDS
300501* - Fuel Cells- Design & Development
300504 - Fuel Cells- Applications