Generation of mutagenic transformation products during the irradiation of simulated urban atmospheres
Mixtures of air pollutants simulating urban atmospheres were irradiated in a smog chamber, and the resultant products were monitored for the production of mutagenic and other hazardous compounds. The production of biologically active compounds was detected through use of the Ames mutagenicity assay with Salmonella typhimurium, strain TA100. Irradiations of the pollutant mixture were conducted at HC/NOx ratios of 20 and 11. Overall, the mutagenicity of the products and the formation of oxygenated primary and secondary reactions products were greater for the simulations with the higher initial HC/NOx value. The origin of the mutagenicity from the reactant mixture was examined by conducting experiments with individual paraffinic, olefinic, and aromatic hydrocarbons. The chemicals examined during this aspect of the study were the paraffin n-butane, the olefin propylene, and the aromatic toluene. For the conditions studied, the activity of the toluene products was generally greater than that of propylene or n-butane, and the propylene products showed greater activity than did the n-butane products. The production of n-butane products was generally limited by its low rate of reaction with hydroxyl radicals. Photooxidation products from secondary reactions were most important in the toluene and propylene systems.
- Research Organization:
- NSI Technology Services Corp., Research Triangle Park, NC (United States)
- OSTI ID:
- 7064586
- Report Number(s):
- PB-93-141208/XAB
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
540120* -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (1990-)
560300 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AIR POLLUTION
ALKANES
ALKENES
ALKYLATED AROMATICS
AROMATICS
ATMOSPHERES
BACTERIA
BENCH-SCALE EXPERIMENTS
BIOASSAY
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DISPERSIONS
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROXYL RADICALS
IRRADIATION
MICROORGANISMS
MIXTURES
MUTAGEN SCREENING
MUTAGENS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN OXIDES
NUCLEAR REACTIONS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORIGIN
OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PARAFFIN
PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS
POLLUTION
PROPYLENE
RADICALS
RESEARCH PROGRAMS
SALMONELLA
SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM
SAMPLING
SCREENING
SECONDARY REACTIONS
SMOG
TOLUENE
URBAN AREAS
WAXES