Longitudinal study of astronaut health: Mortality in the years 1959-1991

Journal Article · Mon Feb 01 04:00:00 EST 1993 · Radiation Research; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2307/3578364· OSTI ID:7061797

Peterson, L E; Pepper, L J; Hamm, P B; Gilbert, S L ^[1]

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1. Kelsey-Seybold Clinic, Houston, TX (United States)

We conducted a historical cohort study of mortality among 195 astronauts who were exposed to space and medical sources of radiation between 1959 and 1991. Cumulative occupational and medical radiation exposures were obtained from the astronaut radiation exposure history data base. Causes of death were obtained from obligatory death certificates and autopsy reports that were on file in the medical records. There was a total of 20 deaths that occurred during the 32-year follow-up period of which 16 were due to accidents. The all-cause standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was 181 (95% confidence interval 110, 279). There was 1 cancer death in the buccal cavity and pharyngeal ICD-9 rubric whose occurrence was significantly beyond expectation. Mortality for coronary disease was 53% lower than expected (2 deaths; SMR = 47; 95% confidence limits 5, 168). The crude death rate for 12 occupationally related accidents was 445 deaths per 100,000 person-years and was an order of magnitude greater than accidental death rates in the mining industries. The SMR of 1346 for fatal accidents was significantly beyond expectation (16 deaths; 95% confidence limits 769, 2168) and was similar to SMRs for accidents among aerial pesticide applicators. The 10-year cumulative risk of occupational fatalities based on the exponential, Weibull, Gompertz, and linear-exponential distributions was 10%. Mortality from motor vehicle accidents was slightly higher than expected, but was not significant (1 death; SMR = 165; 95% confidence limits 2,922). Radiation exposures from medical procedures accounted for a majority of cumulative dose when compared with space radiation exposures. Overall, it was found that astronauts are at a health disadvantage as a result of catastrophic accidents.

• OSTI ID: 7061797
• Journal Information: Radiation Research; (United States), Journal Name: Radiation Research; (United States) Vol. 133:2; ISSN 0033-7587; ISSN RAREAE
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560161* -- Radionuclide Effects
Kinetics
& Toxicology-- Man
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMALS
ASTRONAUTS
COSMIC RADIATION
IONIZING RADIATIONS
MAMMALS
MAN
MEDICINE
MORTALITY
NUCLEAR MEDICINE
OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE
PERSONNEL
PRIMATES
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATIONS
SPACE FLIGHT
VERTEBRATES